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Osteoarthritis and cartilage2009; 18(3); 464-471; doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2009.11.008

Cartilage shear dynamics during tibio-femoral articulation: effect of acute joint injury and tribosupplementation on synovial fluid lubrication.

Abstract: To determine the effects of acute injury and tribosupplementation by hyaluronan (HA) on synovial fluid (SF) modulation of cartilage shear during tibio-femoral articulation. Methods: Human osteochondral blocks from the lateral femoral condyle (LFC) and tibial plateau (LTP) were apposed, compressed 13%, and subjected to sliding under video microscopy. Tests were conducted with equine SF from normal joints (NL-SF), SF from acutely injured joints (AI-SF), and AI-SF to which HA was added (AI-SF+HA). Local and overall shear strain (E(xz)) and the lateral displacement (Deltax) at which E(xz) reached 50% of peak values (Deltax(1/2)) were determined. Results: During articulation, LFC and LTP cartilage E(xz) increased with Deltax and peaked when surfaces slid, with peak E(xz) being maintained during sliding. With AI-SF as lubricant, surface and overall Deltax(1/2) were approximately 40% and approximately 20% higher, respectively, than values with NL-SF and AI-SF+HA as lubricant. Also, peak E(xz) was markedly higher with AI-SF as lubricant than with NL-SF as lubricant, both near the surface (approximately 80%) and overall (50-200%). Following HA supplementation to AI-SF, E(xz) was reduced from values with AI-SF alone by 30-50% near the surface and 20-30% overall. Magnitudes of surface and overall E(xz) were markedly (approximately 50 to 80%) higher in LTP cartilage than LFC cartilage for all lubricants. Conclusions: Acute injury impairs SF function, elevating cartilage E(xz) markedly during tibio-femoral articulation; such elevated E(xz) may contribute to post-injury associated cartilage degeneration. Since HA partially restores the function of AI-SF, as indicated by E(xz), tribosupplements may be beneficial in modulating normal cartilage homeostasis.
Copyright 2009 Osteoarthritis Research Society International. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Publication Date: 2009-11-23 PubMed ID: 20004636PubMed Central: PMC2905237DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2009.11.008Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research investigates the effects of acute injury and tribosupplementation, specifically with Hyaluronan (HA), on the lubrication effectiveness of synovial fluid in the knee joint, and its impact on cartilage shear during joint movement.

Research Methodology

  • The research was conducted using human osteochondral blocks from two parts of the knee – the lateral femoral condyle (LFC) and the tibial plateau (LTP).
  • This setup was compressed to 13% and then put through a sliding motion while being observed under video microscopy.
  • The experiments used synovial fluid (SF) from normal horse joints (NL-SF), synovial fluid from acutely injured joints (AI-SF), and AI-SF that had been supplemented with Hyaluronan (AI-SF+HA).
  • Measurements were taken for local and overall shear strain, referred to as E(xz), and the specific point of lateral displacement at which the shear strain reached 50% of peak values.

Results of the Study

  • During the process of articulation, both LFC and LTP demonstrated an increase in cartilage shear strain with lateral displacement, peaking when the surfaces slid over one another and maintaining this peak throughout the sliding period.
  • Compared to NL-SF and AI-SF+HA, the use of AI-SF as lubricant resulted in approximately 40% higher surface and 20% higher overall lateral displacement when E(xz) reached 50% of its peak values.
  • The peak shear strain was significantly higher when using AI-SF as lubricant as compared to NL-SF, both near the surface (approximately 80% higher) and overall (50-200% higher).
  • Adding HA to the AI-SF reduced the shear strain by 30-50% near the surface and 20-30% overall, compared to using AI-SF alone.
  • The magnitude of surface and overall shear strain was markedly higher in the LTP cartilage than LFC cartilage for all lubricants tested.

Conclusion of the Research

  • The research concluded that acute injury impairs the function of synovial fluid, which results in a significant increase in cartilage shear during knee joint movement. This increased shear strain could contribute to the degeneration of cartilage often observed post-injury.
  • Supplementation of synovial fluid with Hyaluronan to restore normal viscosity and lubrication, as indicated by reduced shear strain measures, might be beneficial in maintaining normal cartilage health.

Cite This Article

APA
Wong BL, Kim SH, Antonacci JM, McIlwraith CW, Sah RL. (2009). Cartilage shear dynamics during tibio-femoral articulation: effect of acute joint injury and tribosupplementation on synovial fluid lubrication. Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 18(3), 464-471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2009.11.008

Publication

Osteoarthritis and cartilage
ISSN: 1522-9653
NlmUniqueID: 9305697
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 18
Issue: 3
Pages: 464-471

Researcher Affiliations

Wong, B L
  • Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0412, USA.
Kim, S H Chris
    Antonacci, J M
      McIlwraith, C Wayne
        Sah, R L

          MeSH Terms

          • Adult
          • Cartilage, Articular / injuries
          • Cartilage, Articular / physiopathology
          • Female
          • Humans
          • Hyaluronic Acid / metabolism
          • Joints / injuries
          • Joints / physiopathology
          • Knee Injuries / physiopathology
          • Lubrication
          • Male
          • Middle Aged
          • Models, Biological
          • Shear Strength / physiology
          • Synovial Fluid / metabolism
          • Synovial Fluid / physiology
          • Weight-Bearing / physiology

          Grant Funding

          • Howard Hughes Medical Institute
          • R01 AR051565-04 / NIAMS NIH HHS
          • R01 AR051565 / NIAMS NIH HHS
          • R01 AR051565-04S1 / NIAMS NIH HHS
          • P01 AG007996 / NIA NIH HHS
          • P01 AG007996-160004 / NIA NIH HHS
          • T32 HL007089 / NHLBI NIH HHS

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