FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 9000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Home / Equine Research Bank / J Equine Sci / Characteristics and multipotency of equine dedifferentiated ...
Journal of equine science2016; 27(2); 57-65; doi: 10.1294/jes.27.57

Characteristics and multipotency of equine dedifferentiated fat cells.

Abstract: Dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells have been shown to be multipotent, similar to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In this study, we aimed to establish and characterize equine DFAT cells. Equine adipocytes were ceiling cultured, and then dedifferentiated into DFAT cells by the seventh day of culture. The number of DFAT cells was increased to over 10 million by the fourth passage. Flow cytometry of DFAT cells showed that the cells were strongly positive for CD44, CD90, and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I; moderately positive for CD11a/18, CD105, and MHC class II; and negative for CD34 and CD45. Moreover, DFAT cells were positive for the expression of sex determining region Y-box 2 as a marker of multipotency. Finally, we found that DFAT cells could differentiate into osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic lineages under specific nutrient conditions. Thus, DFAT cells could have clinical applications in tissue regeneration, similar to MSCs derived from adipose tissue.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2016-06-21 PubMed ID: 27330399PubMed Central: PMC4914398DOI: 10.1294/jes.27.57Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research paper presents the characteristics of equine Dedifferentiated Fat (DFAT) cells and their ability to differentiate into various cells, similar to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The paper highlights the potential clinical applications of DFAT cells in tissue regeneration.

Objective and Procedure

  • The goal of the research was to establish and examine the characteristics of equine DFAT cells, exploring their multipotency, which is their ability to differentiate into different cell types.
  • To achieve this, the researchers conducted a ceiling culture of equine adipocytes – the fat cells, allowing them to dedifferentiate into DFAT cells by the seventh day of the culture.
  • They continued by magnifying cell growth, with over 10 million DFAT cells produced by the fourth passage.

Findings

  • Flow cytometry was used to measure the physical and chemical characteristics of the DFAT cells.
  • Researchers observed that the DFAT cells were strongly positive to CD44, CD90 and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I. This suggests that the cells have the ability to interact with the immune system.
  • These cells were also moderately positive to CD11a/18, CD105, and MHC class II, while being negative for CD34 and CD45. This indicates that the cells have no hematopoietic (blood forming) potential.
  • Importantly, the DFAT cells were found to express Sex determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2), which is a marker for multipotency or the ability to form multiple cell types.

Differentiation Potential

  • The researchers tested the differentiation ability of DFAT cells.
  • They reported that under specific nutrient conditions, the DFAT cells could differentiate into osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic lineage. This implies that these cells could change into bone, cartilage and fat cells respectively.

Conclusions and Implications

  • The study shows that equine DFAT cells, like Mesenchymal Stem Cells derived from adipose tissue, have the ability to differentiate into different kinds of cells.
  • Thus, they are suggested to have potential clinical applications in tissue regeneration, through their multipotency.

Cite This Article

APA
Murata D, Yamasaki A, Matsuzaki S, Sunaga T, Fujiki M, Tokunaga S, Misumi K. (2016). Characteristics and multipotency of equine dedifferentiated fat cells. J Equine Sci, 27(2), 57-65. https://doi.org/10.1294/jes.27.57

Publication

Journal of equine science
ISSN: 1340-3516
NlmUniqueID: 9503751
Country: Japan
Language: English
Volume: 27
Issue: 2
Pages: 57-65

Researcher Affiliations

Murata, Daiki
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
Yamasaki, Atsushi
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
Matsuzaki, Shouta
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
Sunaga, Takafumi
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
Fujiki, Makoto
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
Tokunaga, Satoshi
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
Misumi, Kazuhiro
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.

References

This article includes 23 references
  1. Barberini DJ, Freitas NP, Magnoni MS, Maia L, Listoni AJ, Heckler MC, Sudano MJ, Golim MA, da Cruz Landim-Alvarenga F, Amorim RM. Equine mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow, adipose tissue and umbilical cord: immunophenotypic characterization and differentiation potential.. Stem Cell Res Ther 2014 Feb 21;5(1):25.
    pmc: PMC4055040pubmed: 24559797doi: 10.1186/scrt414google scholar: lookup
  2. Burk J, Ribitsch I, Gittel C, Juelke H, Kasper C, Staszyk C, Brehm W. Growth and differentiation characteristics of equine mesenchymal stromal cells derived from different sources.. Vet J 2013 Jan;195(1):98-106.
    pubmed: 22841420doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2012.06.004google scholar: lookup
  3. Carrington EF, Desautels M, Naylor JM. beta-Adrenergic stimulated lipolysis in pony adipocytes is exclusively via a beta2-subtype and is not affected by lactation.. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2003 Oct;136(2):311-20.
    pubmed: 14511750doi: 10.1016/s1095-6433(03)00157-0google scholar: lookup
  4. Gao Q, Zhao L, Song Z, Yang G. Expression pattern of embryonic stem cell markers in DFAT cells and ADSCs.. Mol Biol Rep 2012 May;39(5):5791-804.
    pubmed: 22237862doi: 10.1007/s11033-011-1371-4google scholar: lookup
  5. Geissler PJ, Davis K, Roostaeian J, Unger J, Huang J, Rohrich RJ. Improving fat transfer viability: the role of aging, body mass index, and harvest site.. Plast Reconstr Surg 2014 Aug;134(2):227-232.
    pubmed: 25068323doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000000398google scholar: lookup
  6. Kikuta S, Tanaka N, Kazama T, Kazama M, Kano K, Ryu J, Tokuhashi Y, Matsumoto T. Osteogenic effects of dedifferentiated fat cell transplantation in rabbit models of bone defect and ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis.. Tissue Eng Part A 2013 Aug;19(15-16):1792-802.
    pmc: PMC3700015pubmed: 23566022doi: 10.1089/ten.TEA.2012.0380google scholar: lookup
  7. Kearns CF, McKeever KH, Kumagai K, Abe T. Fat-free mass is related to one-mile race performance in elite standardbred horses.. Vet J 2002 May;163(3):260-6.
    pubmed: 12090768doi: 10.1053/tvjl.2001.0656google scholar: lookup
  8. Kono S, Kazama T, Kano K, Harada K, Uechi M, Matsumoto T. Phenotypic and functional properties of feline dedifferentiated fat cells and adipose-derived stem cells.. Vet J 2014 Jan;199(1):88-96.
    pubmed: 24300011doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.10.033google scholar: lookup
  9. Ono H, Oki Y, Bono H, Kano K. Gene expression profiling in multipotent DFAT cells derived from mature adipocytes.. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011 Apr 15;407(3):562-7.
    pubmed: 21419102doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.03.063google scholar: lookup
  10. Matsumoto T, Kano K, Kondo D, Fukuda N, Iribe Y, Tanaka N, Matsubara Y, Sakuma T, Satomi A, Otaki M, Ryu J, Mugishima H. Mature adipocyte-derived dedifferentiated fat cells exhibit multilineage potential.. J Cell Physiol 2008 Apr;215(1):210-22.
    pubmed: 18064604doi: 10.1002/jcp.21304google scholar: lookup
  11. McIntosh K, Zvonic S, Garrett S, Mitchell JB, Floyd ZE, Hammill L, Kloster A, Di Halvorsen Y, Ting JP, Storms RW, Goh B, Kilroy G, Wu X, Gimble JM. The immunogenicity of human adipose-derived cells: temporal changes in vitro.. Stem Cells 2006 May;24(5):1246-53.
    pubmed: 16410391doi: 10.1634/stemcells.2005-0235google scholar: lookup
  12. Mitchell JB, McIntosh K, Zvonic S, Garrett S, Floyd ZE, Kloster A, Di Halvorsen Y, Storms RW, Goh B, Kilroy G, Wu X, Gimble JM. Immunophenotype of human adipose-derived cells: temporal changes in stromal-associated and stem cell-associated markers.. Stem Cells 2006 Feb;24(2):376-85.
    pubmed: 16322640doi: 10.1634/stemcells.2005-0234google scholar: lookup
  13. Murata D, Miyakoshi D, Hatazoe T, Miura N, Tokunaga S, Fujiki M, Nakayama K, Misumi K. Multipotency of equine mesenchymal stem cells derived from synovial fluid.. Vet J 2014 Oct;202(1):53-61.
    pubmed: 25151209doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.07.029google scholar: lookup
  14. Mohanty N, Gulati BR, Kumar R, Gera S, Kumar P, Somasundaram RK, Kumar S. Immunophenotypic characterization and tenogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells isolated from equine umbilical cord blood.. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2014 Jun;50(6):538-48.
    pubmed: 24414976doi: 10.1007/s11626-013-9729-7google scholar: lookup
  15. Poloni A, Maurizi G, Leoni P, Serrani F, Mancini S, Frontini A, Zingaretti MC, Siquini W, Sarzani R, Cinti S. Human dedifferentiated adipocytes show similar properties to bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.. Stem Cells 2012 May;30(5):965-74.
    pubmed: 22367678doi: 10.1002/stem.1067google scholar: lookup
  16. Sugihara H, Funatsumaru S, Yonemitsu N, Miyabara S, Toda S, Hikichi Y. A simple culture method of fat cells from mature fat tissue fragments.. J Lipid Res 1989 Dec;30(12):1987-95.
    pubmed: 2559938
  17. Sugihara H, Yonemitsu N, Miyabara S, Toda S. Proliferation of unilocular fat cells in the primary culture.. J Lipid Res 1987 Sep;28(9):1038-45.
    pubmed: 3655558
  18. Sugihara H, Yonemitsu N, Miyabara S, Yun K. Primary cultures of unilocular fat cells: characteristics of growth in vitro and changes in differentiation properties.. Differentiation 1986;31(1):42-9.
    pubmed: 3732657doi: 10.1111/j.1432-0436.1986.tb00381.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  19. Tchoukalova YD, Koutsari C, Karpyak MV, Votruba SB, Wendland E, Jensen MD. Subcutaneous adipocyte size and body fat distribution.. Am J Clin Nutr 2008 Jan;87(1):56-63.
    pubmed: 18175737doi: 10.1093/ajcn/87.1.56google scholar: lookup
  20. Tchoukalova YD, Koutsari C, Votruba SB, Tchkonia T, Giorgadze N, Thomou T, Kirkland JL, Jensen MD. Sex- and depot-dependent differences in adipogenesis in normal-weight humans.. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2010 Oct;18(10):1875-80.
    pmc: PMC2906626pubmed: 20300084doi: 10.1038/oby.2010.56google scholar: lookup
  21. Violini S, Ramelli P, Pisani LF, Gorni C, Mariani P. Horse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells express embryo stem cell markers and show the ability for tenogenic differentiation by in vitro exposure to BMP-12.. BMC Cell Biol 2009 Apr 22;10:29.
    pmc: PMC2678092pubmed: 19383177doi: 10.1186/1471-2121-10-29google scholar: lookup
  22. Wei S, Du M, Jiang Z, Duarte MS, Fernyhough-Culver M, Albrecht E, Will K, Zan L, Hausman GJ, Elabd EM, Bergen WG, Basu U, Dodson MV. Bovine dedifferentiated adipose tissue (DFAT) cells: DFAT cell isolation.. Adipocyte 2013 Jul 1;2(3):148-59.
    pmc: PMC3756103pubmed: 23991361doi: 10.4161/adip.24589google scholar: lookup
  23. Yagi K, Kondo D, Okazaki Y, Kano K. A novel preadipocyte cell line established from mouse adult mature adipocytes.. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2004 Sep 3;321(4):967-74.
    pubmed: 15358122doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.07.055google scholar: lookup

Citations

This article has been cited 5 times.
  1. Tassinari R, Olivi E, Cavallini C, Taglioli V, Zannini C, Marcuzzi M, Fedchenko O, Ventura C. Mechanobiology: A landscape for reinterpreting stem cell heterogeneity and regenerative potential in diseased tissues. iScience 2023 Jan 20;26(1):105875.
    doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105875pubmed: 36647385google scholar: lookup
  2. Murata D, Ishikawa S, Sunaga T, Saito Y, Sogawa T, Nakayama K, Hobo S, Hatazoe T. Osteochondral regeneration of the femoral medial condyle by using a scaffold-free 3D construct of synovial membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells in horses. BMC Vet Res 2022 Jan 22;18(1):53.
    doi: 10.1186/s12917-021-03126-ypubmed: 35065631google scholar: lookup
  3. Yamasaki A, Omura T, Murata D, Kobayashi M, Sunaga T, Kusano K, Ueno Y, Kuramoto T, Hobo S, Misumi K. A pilot study of regenerative therapy by implanting synovium-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in equine osteochondral defect models. J Equine Sci 2018 Dec;29(4):117-122.
    doi: 10.1294/jes.29.117pubmed: 30607136google scholar: lookup
  4. Saler M, Caliogna L, Botta L, Benazzo F, Riva F, Gastaldi G. hASC and DFAT, Multipotent Stem Cells for Regenerative Medicine: A Comparison of Their Potential Differentiation In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2017 Dec 13;18(12).
    doi: 10.3390/ijms18122699pubmed: 29236047google scholar: lookup
  5. Ishikawa S, Horinouchi C, Murata D, Matsuzaki S, Misumi K, Iwamoto Y, Korosue K, Hobo S. Isolation and characterization of equine dental pulp stem cells derived from Thoroughbred wolf teeth. J Vet Med Sci 2017 Jan 20;79(1):47-51.
    doi: 10.1292/jvms.16-0131pubmed: 27818457google scholar: lookup
Subscribe to our newsletter
Join 99,001 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.