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Scientific reports2017; 7(1); 7743; doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-08089-5

Characterization of Circulating Low-Density Neutrophils Intrinsic Properties in Healthy and Asthmatic Horses.

Abstract: Low-density neutrophils (LDNs) are a subset of neutrophils first described in the bloodstream upon pathological conditions, and recently, in the blood of healthy humans. LDNs may have an enhanced pro-inflammatory (low-density granulocytes, LDGs) or an immunosuppressive (Granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells, G-MDSCs) profile. Whether these characteristics are specific to LDNs or related to disease states is unknown. Thus, we sought to investigate the properties of LDNs in both health and disease states, and to compare them to those of autologous normal-density neutrophils (NDNs). We studied 8 horses with severe equine asthma and 11 healthy animals. LDNs were smaller and contained more N-formylmethionine-leucyl-phenylalanine receptors than NDNs, but the myeloperoxidase content was similar in both cell populations. They also had an increased capacity to produce neutrophil extracellular traps, and were more sensitive to activation by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate. This profile is suggestive of LDGs. These characteristics were similar in both healthy and diseased animals, indicating that these are intrinsic properties of LDNs. Furthermore, these results suggest that LDNs represent a population of primed and predominantly mature cells. This study is the first to characterize LDNs in health, and to compare their properties with those of NDNs and of animals with a naturally occurring disease.
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Publication Date: 2017-08-10 PubMed ID: 28798364PubMed Central: PMC5552858DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08089-5Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research study examines the properties of a sub-type of white blood cells known as low-density neutrophils (LDNs) in both healthy and asthmatic horses. The findings suggest that LDNs are primed and mature cells that have unique characteristics, regardless of the health status of the animal, suggesting these are intrinsic to LDNs and not related to disease state.

Background

  • The study focuses on low-density neutrophils (LDNs), a subset of neutrophils, which are key components of the immune system. LDNs have been recently discovered in healthy humans.
  • The characteristic features of LDNs could either show pro-inflammatory properties, typical of low-density granulocytes (LDGs), or display an immunosuppressive profile, like granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (G-MDSCs).
  • The study aims to understand if these properties of LDNs are inherent to them or if they are influenced by disease states.

Method

  • Eight asthmatic horses and eleven healthy ones were subjected to the study. The properties of their LDNs were compared to those of autologous normal-density neutrophils (NDNs) – standard neutrophils.

Findings

  • LDNs were found to be smaller and contained more N-formylmethionine-leucyl-phenylalanine receptors than NDNs. However, both LDNs and NDNs had a similar myeloperoxidase content. Myeloperoxidase is an enzyme found in certain white blood cells that aids in defending the body from germs.
  • The research revealed that the LDNs possessed a higher capacity to generate neutrophil extracellular traps, which are a part of the body’s immune response.
  • LDNs showed more sensitivity to activation by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate, a treating agent encouraging immune response. This sensitivity suggests that LDNs could have pro-inflammatory properties, similar to LDGs.
  • The above-mentioned properties were observed in both healthy and diseased horses, suggesting that these might be inherent characteristics of LDNs and independent of the health state.

Conclusion

  • The study suggests that LDNs could represent a population of “primed” and mature cells. The term “primed” refers to the preconditioning of cells to be readily responsive.
  • This research is the first to scrutinize LDNs in healthy states and compare their properties with those of NDNs and animals suffering from a natural disease like asthma.

Cite This Article

APA
Herteman N, Vargas A, Lavoie JP. (2017). Characterization of Circulating Low-Density Neutrophils Intrinsic Properties in Healthy and Asthmatic Horses. Sci Rep, 7(1), 7743. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-08089-5

Publication

Scientific reports
ISSN: 2045-2322
NlmUniqueID: 101563288
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Pages: 7743
PII: 7743

Researcher Affiliations

Herteman, Nicolas
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal. 3200 Rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, J2S 2M2, QC, Canada.
Vargas, Amandine
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal. 3200 Rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, J2S 2M2, QC, Canada.
Lavoie, Jean-Pierre
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal. 3200 Rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, J2S 2M2, QC, Canada. jean-pierre.lavoie@umontreal.ca.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Asthma / blood
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Extracellular Traps / metabolism
  • Female
  • Horse Diseases / blood
  • Horses
  • Male
  • Neutrophils / cytology
  • Neutrophils / drug effects
  • Neutrophils / metabolism
  • Peroxidase / metabolism
  • Receptors, Formyl Peptide / metabolism
  • Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / pharmacology

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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