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Home / Equine Research Bank / Vet Microbiol / Characterization of multidrug resistant Salmonella recovered...
Veterinary microbiology2007; 123(1-3); 122-132; doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.03.001

Characterization of multidrug resistant Salmonella recovered from diseased animals.

Abstract: Three hundred and eighty Salmonella isolates recovered from animal diagnostic samples obtained from four state veterinary diagnostic laboratories (AZ, NC, MO, and TN) between 2002 and 2003 were tested for antimicrobial susceptibilities and further characterized for bla(CMY) beta-lactamase genes, class 1 integrons and genetic relatedness using PFGE. Forty-seven serovars were identified, the most common being S. Typhimurium (26%), S. Heidelberg (9%), S, Dublin (8%), S. Newport (8%), S. Derby (7%), and S. Choleraesuis (7%). Three hundred and thirteen (82%) isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial, and 265 (70%) to three or more antimicrobials. Resistance was most often observed to tetracycline (78%), followed by streptomycin (73%), sulfamethoxazole (68%), and ampicillin (54%), and to a lesser extent chloramphenicol (37%), kanamycin (37%), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (20%), and ceftiofur (17%). With regards to animal of origin, swine Salmonella isolates displayed the highest rate of resistance, being resistant to at least one antimicrobial (92%), followed by those recovered from turkey (91%), cattle (77%), chicken (68%), and equine (20%). Serovars commonly showing multidrug resistance (MDR) to > or =9 antimicrobials were S. Uganda (100%), S. Agona (79%), and S. Newport (62%), compared to S. Heidelberg (11%) and S. Typhimurium (7%). Class-1 integrons were detected in 43% of all isolates, and were found to contain aadA, aadB, dhfr, cmlA and sat1 gene cassettes alone or in various combinations. All ceftiofur resistant isolates (n=66) carried the bla(CMY) beta-lactamase gene. A total of 230 PFGE patterns were generated among the 380 isolates tested using XbaI, indicating extensive genetic diversity across recovered Salmonella serovars, however, several MDR clones were repeatedly recovered from different diseased animals.
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Publication Date: 2007-03-07 PubMed ID: 17400409DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.03.001Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

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The research article investigates the characteristics of drug-resistant Salmonella bacterium strains found in diseased animals. It analyzes the incidence, patterns of resistance to different antibiotics, the presence of beta-lactamase genes, and the genetic variations among 380 isolates within the United States.

Overview of the Study

  • The research conducted a comprehensive study of 380 Salmonella isolates obtained from four state veterinary diagnostic laboratories in Arizona, North Carolina, Missouri, and Tennessee from 2002-2003.
  • The study aimed to identify the strains of Salmonella present in these samples, test their susceptibility to various antimicrobials, and inspect the occurrence of bla(CMY) beta-lactamase genes and class 1 integrons thought to be responsible for antibiotic resistance.
  • Research also used PFGE (Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis) to determine the genetic relatedness of the Salmonella strains.

Findings of the Study

  • Among the 380 isolates, 47 different serovars (subspecies of bacteria) were found. The most frequently encountered serovars were S. Typhimurium, S. Heidelberg, S. Dublin, S. Newport, S. Derby, and S. Choleraesuis.
  • A significant proportion of isolates, 313 (or 82%), showed resistance to at least one antimicrobial medication, with over a quarter (70%) displaying resistance to at least three.
  • The most prevalent resistances were to tetracycline, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, and ampicillin. Resistance to chloramphenicol, kanamycin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, and ceftiofur was also noted, though less frequently.
  • Swine were found to be the species most affected by drug-resistant Salmonella, with resistance to at least one antimicrobial in 92% of cases. This was followed by turkeys at 91%, cattle at 77%, chickens at 68%, and equines at 20%.
  • Particular serovars demonstrated extensive multidrug resistance (MDR) to nine or more antimicrobials e.g., S. Uganda, S. Agona, and S. Newport.

Implications of the Study

  • Class 1 integrons, known to confer resistance to antibiotics, were detected in 43% of isolates.
  • All isolates resistant to ceftiofur carried the bla(CMY) beta-lactamase gene, which is associated with resistance to this antibiotic.
  • The PFGE analysis revealed 230 distinct genetic patterns, suggesting a high degree of genetic diversity among the Salmonella serovars.
  • However, numerous multi-drug resistant clones were repeatedly found in different diseased animals, suggesting that certain resistant strains might be spreading across species.

Cite This Article

APA
Zhao S, McDermott PF, White DG, Qaiyumi S, Friedman SL, Abbott JW, Glenn A, Ayers SL, Post KW, Fales WH, Wilson RB, Reggiardo C, Walker RD. (2007). Characterization of multidrug resistant Salmonella recovered from diseased animals. Vet Microbiol, 123(1-3), 122-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.03.001

Publication

Veterinary microbiology
ISSN: 0378-1135
NlmUniqueID: 7705469
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 123
Issue: 1-3
Pages: 122-132

Researcher Affiliations

Zhao, S
  • Office of Research, Center for Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food & Drug Administration, Laurel, MD 20708, USA. shaohua.zhao@FDA.HHS.GOV
McDermott, P F
    White, D G
      Qaiyumi, S
        Friedman, S L
          Abbott, J W
            Glenn, A
              Ayers, S L
                Post, K W
                  Fales, W H
                    Wilson, R B
                      Reggiardo, C
                        Walker, R D

                          MeSH Terms

                          • Animals
                          • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
                          • Cattle
                          • Chickens / microbiology
                          • Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial
                          • Horses / microbiology
                          • Integrons
                          • Phylogeny
                          • Salmonella / drug effects
                          • Salmonella / isolation & purification
                          • Salmonella Infections, Animal / microbiology
                          • Swine / microbiology
                          • Turkeys / microbiology

                          Citations

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