FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 10000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Acta veterinaria Scandinavica2017; 59(1); 79; doi: 10.1186/s13028-017-0348-2

Characterization of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from Austrian companion animals and horses.

Abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate the genetic relatedness and the antimicrobial resistance profiles of a collection of Austrian Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from companion animals and horses. A total of 12 non-repetitive isolates presumptively identified as S. pneumoniae were obtained during routinely diagnostic activities between March 2009 and January 2017. Results: Isolates were confirmed as S. pneumoniae by bile solubility and optochin susceptibility testing, matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry and sequence analysis of a part recA and the 16S rRNA genes. Isolates were further characterized by pneumolysin polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and genotyped by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed and resistance genes were detected by specific PCR assays. All isolates were serotyped. Four sequence types (ST) (ST36, ST3546, ST6934 and ST6937) and four serotypes (3, 19A, 19F and 23F) were detected. Two isolates from twelve displayed a multidrug-resistance pheno- and genotype. Conclusions: This study represents the first comprehensive investigation on characteristics of S. pneumoniae isolates recovered from Austrian companion animals and horses. The obtained results indicate that common human sero- (23F) and sequence type (ST36) implicated in causing invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) may circulate in dogs. Isolates obtained from other examined animals seem to be host-adapted.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2017-11-14 PubMed ID: 29137652PubMed Central: PMC5686899DOI: 10.1186/s13028-017-0348-2Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article primarily investigates the genetic similarities and resistance to antimicrobials of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates obtained from Austrian companion animals and horses. The findings suggest that the commonly occurring human bacterial strain causing invasive pneumococcal disease may also be found in dogs, while the strains found in other animals appear to be host-adapted.

Methodology

  • A total of 12 unique isolates identified as S. pneumoniae were collected between March 2009 and January 2017.
  • These isolates were confirmed as S. pneumoniae utilizing various testing methods such as bile solubility and optochin susceptibility testing, matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry and sequence analysis of a part recA and the 16S rRNA genes.
  • Further characterization of these isolates was done through pneumolysin polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and genotyping by multilocus sequence typing (MLST).
  • Antimicrobials susceptibility was tested and relevant resistance genes were identified using specific PCR assays. All isolates were serotyped (identified by the specific variant of the bacteria).

Findings

  • Four sequence types (ST) (ST36, ST3546, ST6934 and ST6937) and four serotypes (3, 19A, 19F and 23F) were identified amongst the isolates.
  • Two of the twelve isolates exhibited a multidrug-resistance pheno- and genotype.
  • It was surmised from the research that a common human sequence and serotype implicated in causing invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) could potentially circulate in dogs.
  • The isolates obtained from animals other than dogs seemed to be host-adapted, meaning these specific bacterial strains appear to have specifically adapted to their respective host species.

Conclusion

  • This study is the first extensive investigation into the characteristics of S. pneumoniae isolates recovered from Austrian companion animals and horses.
  • The results could provide valuable insights in understanding how the bacteria may spread and adapt between different species, which in turn can aid preventative and treatment measures against the disease.

Cite This Article

APA
Ginders M, Leschnik M, Künzel F, Kampner D, Mikula C, Steindl G, Eichhorn I, Feßler AT, Schwarz S, Spergser J, Loncaric I. (2017). Characterization of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from Austrian companion animals and horses. Acta Vet Scand, 59(1), 79. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-017-0348-2

Publication

Acta veterinaria Scandinavica
ISSN: 1751-0147
NlmUniqueID: 0370400
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 59
Issue: 1
Pages: 79
PII: 79

Researcher Affiliations

Ginders, Maximilian
  • Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Leschnik, Michael
  • Department for Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Künzel, Frank
  • Department for Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Kampner, Doris
  • Department for Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Mikula, Claudia
  • National Reference Laboratory for Pneumococcus, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Graz, Austria.
Steindl, Georg
  • The Healthcare Company of Styria, Graz, Austria.
Eichhorn, Inga
  • Centre of Infection Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Feßler, Andrea T
  • Centre of Infection Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Schwarz, Stefan
  • Centre of Infection Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Spergser, Joachim
  • Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Loncaric, Igor
  • Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria. igor.loncaric@vetmeduni.ac.at.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Austria
  • Dogs
  • Horses / microbiology
  • Host-Pathogen Interactions
  • Humans
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Pets / microbiology
  • RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / genetics
  • Rec A Recombinases / genetics
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae / drug effects
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae / genetics
  • Zoonoses / microbiology

References

This article includes 30 references
  1. Gillespie SH. Aspects of pneumococcal infection including bacterial virulence, host response and vaccination.. J Med Microbiol 1989 Apr;28(4):237-48.
    doi: 10.1099/00222615-28-4-237pubmed: 2649678google scholar: lookup
  2. Adriani KS, Brouwer MC, van der Ende A, van de Beek D. Bacterial meningitis in pregnancy: report of six cases and review of the literature.. Clin Microbiol Infect 2012 Apr;18(4):345-51.
    doi: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03465.xpubmed: 21375656google scholar: lookup
  3. Moxon ER. Experimental infections of animals in the study of Streptococcus pneumoniae.. Rev Infect Dis 1981 Mar-Apr;3(2):354-7.
    doi: 10.1093/clinids/3.2.354pubmed: 7020048google scholar: lookup
  4. Chiavolini D, Pozzi G, Ricci S. Animal models of Streptococcus pneumoniae disease.. Clin Microbiol Rev 2008 Oct;21(4):666-85.
    doi: 10.1128/CMR.00012-08pmc: PMC2570153pubmed: 18854486google scholar: lookup
  5. Duarte RS, Barros RR, Facklam RR, Teixeira LM. Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Streptococcus porcinus isolated from human sources.. J Clin Microbiol 2005 Sep;43(9):4592-601.
    doi: 10.1128/JCM.43.9.4592-4601.2005pmc: PMC1234105pubmed: 16145112google scholar: lookup
  6. Kuusi M, Lahti E, Virolainen A, Hatakka M, Vuento R, Rantala L, Vuopio-Varkila J, Seuna E, Karppelin M, Hakkinen M, Takkinen J, Gindonis V, Siponen K, Huotari K. An outbreak of Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus associated with consumption of fresh goat cheese.. BMC Infect Dis 2006 Feb 27;6:36.
    doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-6-36pmc: PMC1413536pubmed: 16504158google scholar: lookup
  7. Michaud S, Duperval R, Higgins R. Streptococcus suis meningitis: First case reported in Q.. Can J Infect Dis 1996 Sep;7(5):329-31.
    doi: 10.1155/1996/354693pmc: PMC3327425pubmed: 22514459google scholar: lookup
  8. Higgins R. Bacteria and fungi of marine mammals: a review.. Can Vet J 2000 Feb;41(2):105-16.
    pmc: PMC1476275pubmed: 10723596
  9. Whatmore AM, King SJ, Doherty NC, Sturgeon D, Chanter N, Dowson CG. Molecular characterization of equine isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae: natural disruption of genes encoding the virulence factors pneumolysin and autolysin.. Infect Immun 1999 Jun;67(6):2776-82.
    pmc: PMC96581pubmed: 10338480doi: 10.1128/iai.67.6.2776-2782.1999google scholar: lookup
  10. Hakenbeck R, Balmelle N, Weber B, Gardès C, Keck W, de Saizieu A. Mosaic genes and mosaic chromosomes: intra- and interspecies genomic variation of Streptococcus pneumoniae.. Infect Immun 2001 Apr;69(4):2477-86.
    doi: 10.1128/IAI.69.4.2477-2486.2001pmc: PMC98182pubmed: 11254610google scholar: lookup
  11. Mundy LS, Janoff EN, Schwebke KE, Shanholtzer CJ, Willard KE. Ambiguity in the identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Optochin, bile solubility, quellung, and the AccuProbe DNA probe tests.. Am J Clin Pathol 1998 Jan;109(1):55-61.
    doi: 10.1093/ajcp/109.1.55pubmed: 9426518google scholar: lookup
  12. Zbinden A, Köhler N, Bloemberg GV. recA-based PCR assay for accurate differentiation of Streptococcus pneumoniae from other viridans streptococci.. J Clin Microbiol 2011 Feb;49(2):523-7.
    doi: 10.1128/JCM.01450-10pmc: PMC3043496pubmed: 21147955google scholar: lookup
  13. Loncaric I, Kübber-Heiss A, Posautz A, Stalder GL, Hoffmann D, Rosengarten R, Walzer C. Characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp. carrying the mecC gene, isolated from wildlife.. J Antimicrob Chemother 2013 Oct;68(10):2222-5.
    pubmed: 23674764doi: 10.1093/jac/dkt186google scholar: lookup
  14. Toikka P, Nikkari S, Ruuskanen O, Leinonen M, Mertsola J. Pneumolysin PCR-based diagnosis of invasive pneumococcal infection in children.. J Clin Microbiol 1999 Mar;37(3):633-7.
    pmc: PMC84500pubmed: 9986825doi: 10.1128/jcm.37.3.633-637.1999google scholar: lookup
  15. Adamiak P, Vanderkooi OG, Kellner JD, Schryvers AB, Bettinger JA, Alcantara J. Effectiveness of the standard and an alternative set of Streptococcus pneumoniae multi locus sequence typing primers.. BMC Microbiol 2014 Jun 3;14:143.
    doi: 10.1186/1471-2180-14-143pmc: PMC4057806pubmed: 24889110google scholar: lookup
  16. Clinical and Laboratory Standards. Performance standards for antimicrobial disk and dilution susceptibility tests for bacteria isolated from animals. 3. Wayne: CLSI; 2015.
  17. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing: twenty-seventh informational supplement. Wayne: CLSI; 2017.
  18. Ambrose KD, Nisbet R, Stephens DS. Macrolide efflux in Streptococcus pneumoniae is mediated by a dual efflux pump (mel and mef) and is erythromycin inducible.. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005 Oct;49(10):4203-9.
    doi: 10.1128/AAC.49.10.4203-4209.2005pmc: PMC1251515pubmed: 16189099google scholar: lookup
  19. Maskell JP, Sefton AM, Hall LM. Multiple mutations modulate the function of dihydrofolate reductase in trimethoprim-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae.. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2001 Apr;45(4):1104-8.
    doi: 10.1128/AAC.45.4.1104-1108.2001pmc: PMC90431pubmed: 11257022google scholar: lookup
  20. Schnellmann C, Gerber V, Rossano A, Jaquier V, Panchaud Y, Doherr MG, Thomann A, Straub R, Perreten V. Presence of new mecA and mph(C) variants conferring antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus spp. isolated from the skin of horses before and after clinic admission.. J Clin Microbiol 2006 Dec;44(12):4444-54.
    doi: 10.1128/JCM.00868-06pmc: PMC1698435pubmed: 17005735google scholar: lookup
  21. Shiojima T, Fujiki Y, Sagai H, Iyobe S, Morikawa A. Prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates bearing macrolide resistance genes in association with integrase genes of conjugative transposons in Japan.. Clin Microbiol Infect 2005 Oct;11(10):808-13.
    doi: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2005.01232.xpubmed: 16153254google scholar: lookup
  22. Padayachee T, Klugman KP. Novel expansions of the gene encoding dihydropteroate synthase in trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae.. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999 Sep;43(9):2225-30.
    pmc: PMC89451pubmed: 10471569doi: 10.1128/aac.43.9.2225google scholar: lookup
  23. Sørensen UB. Typing of pneumococci by using 12 pooled antisera.. J Clin Microbiol 1993 Aug;31(8):2097-100.
    pmc: PMC265703pubmed: 8370735doi: 10.1128/jcm.31.8.2097-2100.1993google scholar: lookup
  24. Cornick JE, Harris SR, Parry CM, Moore MJ, Jassi C, Kamng'ona A, Kulohoma B, Heyderman RS, Bentley SD, Everett DB. Genomic identification of a novel co-trimoxazole resistance genotype and its prevalence amongst Streptococcus pneumoniae in Malawi.. J Antimicrob Chemother 2014 Feb;69(2):368-74.
    doi: 10.1093/jac/dkt384pmc: PMC3886935pubmed: 24080503google scholar: lookup
  25. van der Linden M, Al-Lahham A, Nicklas W, Reinert RR. Molecular characterization of pneumococcal isolates from pets and laboratory animals.. PLoS One 2009 Dec 14;4(12):e8286.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008286pmc: PMC2788425pubmed: 20011527google scholar: lookup
  26. Johnson HL, Deloria-Knoll M, Levine OS, Stoszek SK, Freimanis Hance L, Reithinger R, Muenz LR, O'Brien KL. Systematic evaluation of serotypes causing invasive pneumococcal disease among children under five: the pneumococcal global serotype project.. PLoS Med 2010 Oct 5;7(10).
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000348pmc: PMC2950132pubmed: 20957191google scholar: lookup
  27. Weisbroth SH, Kohn DF, Boot R. Bacterial, mycoplasmal and mycotic infections-Chapter 11. The laboratory rat 2nd ed. San Diego: Academic Press; 2005. p. 339–421.
  28. Riva E, Salvini F, Garlaschi ML, Radaelli G, Giovannini M. The status of invasive pneumococcal disease among children younger than 5 years of age in north-west Lombardy, Italy.. BMC Infect Dis 2012 May 3;12:106.
    doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-12-106pmc: PMC3406943pubmed: 22554011google scholar: lookup
  29. van der Linden M, Reinert RR, Kern WV, Imöhl M. Epidemiology of serotype 19A isolates from invasive pneumococcal disease in German children.. BMC Infect Dis 2013 Feb 5;13:70.
    doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-13-70pmc: PMC3570384pubmed: 23384407google scholar: lookup
  30. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Antimicrobial resistance surveillance in Europe 2014. Annual Report of the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS-Net). Stockholm: ECDC; 2015.

Citations

This article has been cited 3 times.
  1. Hammond A, Halliday A, Thornton HV, Hay AD. Predisposing factors to acquisition of acute respiratory tract infections in the community: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis 2021 Dec 14;21(1):1254.
    doi: 10.1186/s12879-021-06954-3pubmed: 34906101google scholar: lookup
  2. Zhao F, Yang N, Wang X, Mao R, Hao Y, Li Z, Wang X, Teng D, Fan H, Wang J. In vitro/vivo Mechanism of Action of MP1102 With Low/Nonresistance Against Streptococcus suis Type 2 Strain CVCC 3928. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019;9:48.
    doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00048pubmed: 30863725google scholar: lookup
  3. Narciso AR, Dookie R, Nannapaneni P, Normark S, Henriques-Normark B. Streptococcus pneumoniae epidemiology, pathogenesis and control. Nat Rev Microbiol 2025 Apr;23(4):256-271.
    doi: 10.1038/s41579-024-01116-zpubmed: 39506137google scholar: lookup
Subscribe to our newsletter
Join 99,970 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.