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Home / Equine Research Bank / Vet Res Commun / Clinical and epidemiological aspects in equine aural plaques...
Veterinary research communications2024; 49(1); 1; doi: 10.1007/s11259-024-10572-0

Clinical and epidemiological aspects in equine aural plaques.

Abstract: The association between aural plaques, Equus caballus papillomavirus (EcPV), and the different breeds of horses and risk factors is poorly described. The objective of this study was to determine the clinical prevalence of aural plaques in Mangalarga Marchador (MM) and Quarter Horse (QH) horses in Brazil, to evaluate the association of this prevalence with some risk factors, and to detect the presence of EcPV DNA (types 1-10) in aural plaques biopsies. A total of 400 MM and 425 QH horses, were clinically evaluated. For each horse, an identification form was completed, containing information on breeding, sex, age, presence, and classification of aural plaque lesions, presence of ectoparasites, management type, ear clipping performed, and sensitivity to ear palpation. Biopsies of the lesions were taken from 30 horses and assessed for the presence of EcPV DNA using PCR. Among the MM and QH horses evaluated, 41.5% and 33.6%, respectively, had aural plaques. The MM horses showed a higher frequency of plaques than QH (p = 0.02). At least one viral type was identified in 90% of all aural plaque biopsies, with EcPV4 being the most frequently detected in both breeds, followed by EcPV6, EcVP5, EcVP3 and EcPV1 respectively. In one sample, EcPV1 was detected alone, although it had previously been described only in copresence. The copresence of viral DNA the MM 73% (11/15) QH 27% (4/15) horses. Aural plaques are widely distributed, with a higher prevalence of EcPV4. Additionally, MM horses have higher susceptibility and frequency of the disease than QH horses.
© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.
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Publication Date: 2024-11-13 PubMed ID: 39535627PubMed Central: 6505913DOI: 10.1007/s11259-024-10572-0Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research focuses on understanding the prevalence, risk factors, and association with Equus caballus papillomavirus (EcPV) of aural plaques in two breeds of horses—Mangalarga Marchador (MM) and Quarter Horse (QH) in Brazil.

Objective and Methodology

  • The main objective of this study is to analyze the clinical prevalence of aural plaques, common skin issues on the inner ear of horses, in MM and QH breeds and how this prevalence is linked to various risk factors.
  • The secondary objective of the study is to detect the presence of specific types (1-10) of EcPV, a family of viruses that can cause skin tumors in horses, in aural plaques samples.
  • The researchers conducted a clinical evaluation of 400 MM and 425 QH horses. For each horse, detailed information relating to breeding, sex, age, presence and classification of aural plaque lesions, presence of ectoparasites, management type, ear clipping performed, and sensitivity to ear palpation was documented.
  • The researchers also collected biopsies of the aural plaque lesions from 30 horses, from which they used PCR to test for the presence of EcPV DNA.

Key Findings

  • The researchers found that 41.5% of MM horses and 33.6% of QH horses had aural plaques. MM horses showed a higher prevalence of aural plaques than QH horses.
  • At least one viral type was identified in 90% of all aural plaque biopsies. EcPV4 was the most commonly detected type in both breeds, followed by EcPV6, EcVP5, EcVP3 and EcPV1, in that order.
  • In one particular sample, only EcPV1 was detected. Previously, it had been thought that EcPV1 only appeared in the presence of other types of the virus.
  • For cases where there was co-occurrence of various types of viral DNA, 73% were MM horses and 27% were QH horses.

Conclusion

  • The study concludes that aural plaques are quite commonly found among both MM and QH horses in Brazil, with a higher proportion of the disease observed in MM horses compared to QH horses.
  • The most frequent EcPV type associated with aural plaques was EcPV4.
  • This study provides vital insights into the prevalence and risk factors associated with aural plaques and their link to EcPV in these two horse breeds. These findings can be utilized for better prevention and treatment of the disease in horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Rodrigues GG, Alves DS, Bromberger CR, Nomelini QSS, Borges AS, de Oliveira-Filho JP, Delfiol DJZ. (2024). Clinical and epidemiological aspects in equine aural plaques. Vet Res Commun, 49(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-024-10572-0

Publication

Veterinary research communications
ISSN: 1573-7446
NlmUniqueID: 8100520
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 49
Issue: 1
Pages: 1

Researcher Affiliations

Rodrigues, Gabryele Gomidy
  • School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Mato Grosso n. 3289 - Bloco 2S. Bairro Umuarama. CEP 38405-314, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Alves, Dara Santos
  • School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Mato Grosso n. 3289 - Bloco 2S. Bairro Umuarama. CEP 38405-314, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Bromberger, Cristiana Raach
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Brazil.
Nomelini, Quintiliano Siqueira Schroden
  • School of Mathematics, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Borges, Alexandre Secorun
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Brazil.
de Oliveira-Filho, José Paes
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Brazil.
Delfiol, Diego José Zanzarini
  • School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Mato Grosso n. 3289 - Bloco 2S. Bairro Umuarama. CEP 38405-314, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil. djzdelfiol@ufu.br.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Horses
  • Horse Diseases / virology
  • Horse Diseases / epidemiology
  • Horse Diseases / pathology
  • Male
  • Female
  • Brazil / epidemiology
  • Papillomavirus Infections / veterinary
  • Papillomavirus Infections / virology
  • Papillomavirus Infections / epidemiology
  • Prevalence
  • Papillomaviridae / genetics
  • Papillomaviridae / isolation & purification
  • Risk Factors
  • Ear Diseases / veterinary
  • Ear Diseases / virology
  • Ear Diseases / epidemiology
  • Ear Diseases / pathology

Grant Funding

  • FAPESP 21/10987-3 / Fundau00e7u00e3o de Amparo u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Su00e3o Paulo
  • CNPq 305172/2021-2 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientu00edfico e Tecnolu00f3gico

Conflict of Interest Statement

All procedures were approved by the Ethics Committee for the Use of Animals in Research (CEUA) of the School of Veterinary Medicine of Uberlândia Federal University– UFU (nº 23117.041869/2022-16). All methods were performed in accordance with the guidelines and regulations of the CEUA. The authors declare no competing interests. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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