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Acta veterinaria Scandinavica2018; 60(1); 71; doi: 10.1186/s13028-018-0426-0

Clinical effects of constant rate infusions of medetomidine-propofol combined with sevoflurane anesthesia in Thoroughbred racehorses undergoing arthroscopic surgery.

Abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluate clinical efficacy of constant rate infusions (CRIs) of medetomidine-propofol combined with sevoflurane anesthesia in Thoroughbred racehorses undergoing arthroscopic surgery. Thirty horses were sedated intravenously (IV) with medetomidine (6.0 μg/kg) and midazolam (0.02 mg/kg) and induced IV with ketamine (1.0 mg/kg) and propofol (1.0 mg/kg). These horses were randomly allocated to three groups and maintained with sevoflurane and CRI of either medetomidine (3.0 μg/kg/h) (Group M; n = 10); or medetomidine (3.0 μg/kg/h) and propofol (3.0 mg/kg/h) (Group MP3; n = 10); or medetomidine (3.0 μg/kg/h) and propofol (6.0 mg/kg/h) (Group MP6; n = 10). End-tidal sevoflurane concentration (ET), cardiovascular parameters, plasma propofol concentration, and recovery time and quality were compared among groups. Data were analyzed by using ANOVA with Tukey's multiple comparison test, considering P < 0.05 significant. Results: ET (%) was 2.4 ± 0.1 in Group M, 1.7 ± 0.2 in Group MP3, and 1.4 ± 0.2 in Group MP6; ET declined significantly in a propofol-dose-dependent manner. The rates of dobutamine infusion (μg/kg/min) required to keep the mean arterial blood pressure over 70 mmHg were significantly lower in Group MP3 (0.20 ± 0.10) and Group MP6 (0.15 ± 0.06) than in Group M (0.37 ± 0.18). Recovery time and quality did not differ among groups. All horses in Group MP3 required only one attempt to stand, and recovery quality was excellent. Plasma propofol concentrations were stable throughout maintenance of anesthesia in Group MP3, whereas those in Group MP6 increased significantly with increasing duration of maintenance. Conclusions: CRIs of medetomidine-propofol reduced the sevoflurane requirement for surgical anesthesia as the propofol dose increased, compared with a CRI of medetomidine alone. Additionally, the two propofol protocols provided good maintenance of cardiovascular function. CRIs of medetomidine (3.0 μg/kg/h) and propofol (3.0 mg/kg/h) resulted in excellent-quality recovery. This protocol could therefore be an especially useful additive to sevoflurane anesthesia in Thoroughbred racehorses undergoing arthroscopic surgery.
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Publication Date: 2018-11-05 PubMed ID: 30396363PubMed Central: PMC6217774DOI: 10.1186/s13028-018-0426-0Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research evaluated the efficacy of a steady, continuous administration of medetomidine-propofol coupled with sevoflurane anesthesia in racehorses undergoing arthroscopic surgery. The study found that this combination reduced the need for sevoflurane, maintained cardiovascular function and resulted in excellent recovery in horses post-surgery.

Research Overview

  • The study’s objective was to assess the clinical efficiency of Constant Rate Infusions (CRIs) of medetomidine-propofol paired with sevoflurane anesthesia for Thoroughbred racehorses that were undergoing arthroscopic surgery.
  • Thirty horses were sedated intravenously with medetomidine and midazolam, and induced further with ketamine and propofol. The horses were randomly split into three groups which were administered with both sevoflurane and either medetomidine; medetomidine and propofol; or medetomidine and a higher dose of propofol.

Research Findings

  • The study found that the End-tidal sevoflurane concentration (ET), a measure of the level of sevoflurane, which is a type of anesthesia, declined significantly with an increase in propofol dosage.
  • The study also revealed that to keep the Mean Arterial Blood Pressure (MABP) over 70 mmHg, the amount of dobutamine required was lower in groups with propofol (Groups MP3 and MP6) than in the group with medetomidine only (Group M).
  • Plasma propofol concentrations were steady during the maintenance of anesthesia in the Group administered with a lower dose of propofol (Group MP3), while the plasma propofol level in the group with a higher dose of propofol (Group MP6) increased significantly with the increasing duration of maintenance.
  • Recovery time and quality were found to be similar in all groups. Notably, horses in Group MP3 needed only one attempt to stand up post-surgery, and their recovery quality was classified as excellent.

Conclusions

  • The results of the study suggest that CRIs of medetomidine-propofol can reduce the required quantity of sevoflurane for surgical anesthesia and can maintain good cardiovascular function.
  • The study also concluded that a CRI of medetomidine (3.0 μg/kg/h) and propofol (3.0 mg/kg/h) results in excellent quality of recovery.
  • The researchers suggest that this protocol could be particularly beneficial to Thoroughbred racehorses undergoing arthroscopic surgery as an additive to sevoflurane anesthesia.

Cite This Article

APA
Tokushige H, Okano A, Arima D, Ito H, Kambayashi Y, Minamijima Y, Ohta M. (2018). Clinical effects of constant rate infusions of medetomidine-propofol combined with sevoflurane anesthesia in Thoroughbred racehorses undergoing arthroscopic surgery. Acta Vet Scand, 60(1), 71. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-018-0426-0

Publication

Acta veterinaria Scandinavica
ISSN: 1751-0147
NlmUniqueID: 0370400
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 60
Issue: 1
Pages: 71
PII: 71

Researcher Affiliations

Tokushige, Hirotaka
  • Racehorse Clinic, Miho Training Center, Japan Racing Association, 2500-2 Mikoma, Miho-mura, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki, 300-0493, Japan. Hirotaka_Tokushige@jra.go.jp.
Okano, Atsushi
  • Racehorse Clinic, Miho Training Center, Japan Racing Association, 2500-2 Mikoma, Miho-mura, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki, 300-0493, Japan.
Arima, Daisuke
  • Racehorse Clinic, Miho Training Center, Japan Racing Association, 2500-2 Mikoma, Miho-mura, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki, 300-0493, Japan.
Ito, Hideki
  • Racehorse Clinic, Miho Training Center, Japan Racing Association, 2500-2 Mikoma, Miho-mura, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki, 300-0493, Japan.
Kambayashi, Yoshinori
  • Racehorse Clinic, Miho Training Center, Japan Racing Association, 2500-2 Mikoma, Miho-mura, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki, 300-0493, Japan.
Minamijima, Yohei
  • Analytical Chemistry Section, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, 1731-2 Tokami-cyo, Utsunomiya-shi, Tochigi, 320-0851, Japan.
Ohta, Minoru
  • Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, 1400-4 Shiba, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0412, Japan.

MeSH Terms

  • Anesthesia, Intravenous / veterinary
  • Anesthetics, Intravenous / administration & dosage
  • Anesthetics, Intravenous / pharmacology
  • Animals
  • Arthroscopy / veterinary
  • Blood Pressure / drug effects
  • Cardiovascular System / drug effects
  • Drug Combinations
  • Female
  • Heart Rate / drug effects
  • Horses / surgery
  • Male
  • Medetomidine / administration & dosage
  • Medetomidine / pharmacology
  • Propofol / administration & dosage
  • Propofol / pharmacology
  • Sevoflurane / administration & dosage
  • Sevoflurane / pharmacology

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Citations

This article has been cited 3 times.
  1. Cowling N, Woldeyohannes S, Sole Guitart A, Goodwin W. Measurement of Tissue Oximetry in Standing Unsedated and Sedated Horses. Vet Sci 2021 Sep 22;8(10).
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  2. Gozalo-Marcilla M, Ringer SK. Recovery after General Anaesthesia in Adult Horses: A Structured Summary of the Literature. Animals (Basel) 2021 Jun 14;11(6).
    doi: 10.3390/ani11061777pubmed: 34198637google scholar: lookup
  3. Tokushige H, Araki M, Kusano K, Arima D, Ito H, Yamazaki Y, Urayama S, Kambayashi Y, Tateno O, Ohta M. A retrospective comparison of induction with thiopental/guaifenesin and propofol/ketamine in Thoroughbred racehorses anesthetized with sevoflurane and medetomidine during arthroscopic surgery. J Equine Sci 2019 Jul;30(2):25-31.
    doi: 10.1294/jes.30.25pubmed: 31285690google scholar: lookup
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