Clinical efficacy of ampicillin, pivampicillin and procaine penicillin G in a soft tissue infection model in ponies.
Abstract: Tissue chambers, implanted subcutaneously in ponies, were inoculated with Streptococcus zooepidemicus. The animals received either no antibiotics or one of the following treatments: pivampicillin per os (19.9 mg/kg, equivalent to 15 mg/kg ampicillin, every 12 h) for 7 or 21 days (7 and 5 ponies, respectively), procaine penicillin G intramuscularly (12 mg/kg = 12,000 IU/kg, every 24 h) for 7 days (7 ponies), or ampicillin sodium intravenously (equivalent to 15 mg/ kg ampicillin, every 8 h) for 1 day (5 ponies). Only intravenous administration was started before infection (prophylactically), the other treatments were started 20 h after infection (curatively). A total of 7 ponies received no antibiotics. In untreated controls, the infection led to abscessation of the tissue chamber in 4 to 10 days. Curative treatment with either pivampicillin or procaine penicillin G for 7 days resulted in a reduction of viable bacteria in the tissue chamber but did not eliminate the infection, resulting in abscessation in 5 to 14 days. However, administration of pivampicillin for 21 days eliminated the streptococci in five out of five ponies and prophylactic administration of ampicillin was successful in three out of five ponies.
Publication Date: 1996-12-01 PubMed ID: 8971673DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.1996.tb00081.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Clinical Trial
- Comparative Study
- Controlled Clinical Trial
- Journal Article
Summary
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The study indicates that extended use of pivampicillin for 21 days was effective in completely eliminating streptococci infection in ponies, while the prophylactic usage of ampicillin prevented the infection in some cases.
Research Methodology
- The study was built around the implantation of tissue chambers in ponies and these chambers were subsequently inoculated with Streptococcus zooepidemicus.
- Different groupings of the ponies were treated with varying antibiotics such as pivampicillin, procaine penicillin G, and ampicillin sodium, or were given no antibiotics at all, for different time durations.
- All treatments apart from ampicillin sodium were started after infection period while ampicillin sodium was given as a prophylactic measure before infection.
Observations and Findings
- Ampicillin sodium given intravenously before the onset of infection helped to prevent the infection in 3 of the 5 ponies in the group.
- Pivampicillin and procaine penicillin G given after the onset of infection reduced the number of live bacteria in the tissue chambers but didn’t completely eradicate the infection, leading to abscessation after some time.
- The extended 21-day treatment with pivampicillin completely eliminated the streptococci in all 5 ponies undergoing this treatment.’
- Untreated controls, the ponies without any antibiotic treatment, lead to infection and abscessation of tissue chambers between 4 to 10 days.
Conclusions
- The research indicates that the curative application of either pivampicillin or procaine penicillin G for 7 days post-infection helped reduce the bacterial spread, but was unsuccessful in completely subduing the infection.
- However, the application of pivampicillin following a 21-day regimen resulted in the elimination of streptococci in all treated ponies. This signifies the potential of pivampicillin as a long-term treatment for streptococci infection.
- Ampicillin sodium, when administered intravenously before infection as a prophylactic measure, worked with a success rate of three out of five ponies.
Cite This Article
APA
Ensink JM, Klein WR, Barneveld A, Vulto AG, Van Miert AS.
(1996).
Clinical efficacy of ampicillin, pivampicillin and procaine penicillin G in a soft tissue infection model in ponies.
J Vet Pharmacol Ther, 19(6), 445-453.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2885.1996.tb00081.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of General and Large Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
MeSH Terms
- Ampicillin / administration & dosage
- Ampicillin / blood
- Ampicillin / pharmacology
- Ampicillin / therapeutic use
- Animals
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / veterinary
- Horse Diseases / drug therapy
- Horses
- Injections, Intravenous / veterinary
- Leukocyte Count
- Microbial Sensitivity Tests
- Neck
- Penicillin G / administration & dosage
- Penicillin G / blood
- Penicillin G / pharmacology
- Penicillin G / therapeutic use
- Penicillins / administration & dosage
- Penicillins / blood
- Penicillins / pharmacology
- Penicillins / therapeutic use
- Pivampicillin / administration & dosage
- Pivampicillin / blood
- Pivampicillin / pharmacology
- Pivampicillin / therapeutic use
- Polymers
- Prostheses and Implants
- Soft Tissue Infections / drug therapy
- Soft Tissue Infections / veterinary
- Streptococcal Infections / drug therapy
Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Mallicote M, House AM, Sanchez LC. A review of foal diarrhoea from birth to weaning. Equine Vet Educ 2012 Apr;24(4):206-214.
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