Coadministration of sodium alginate pellets containing the fungi Duddingtonia flagrans and Monacrosporium thaumasium on cyathostomin infective larvae after passing through the gastrointestinal tract of horses.
Abstract: The predatory nematophagous fungi have been used as an alternative control of gastrointestinal nematodes of domestic animals in natural and laboratory conditions. However, it is unclear if the association of some of these species could bring some kind of advantage, from a biological standpoint. In this context, this study consisted of two tests in vitro: in assay A, the assessment of the viability of the association of pellets in sodium alginate matrix containing the fungus Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001) and Monacrosporium thaumasium (NF34) and its predatory activity on infective larvae (L3) of cyathostomin after passing through the gastrointestinal tract of horses and assay B, assessment of the cyathostomin L3 reduction percentage in coprocultures. Twelve crossbred horses, females, with a mean weight of 356 kg and previously dewormed were divided in three groups with four animals each: group 1, each animal received 50 g of pellets containing mycelial mass of the fungus D. flagrans and 50 g of pellets of the fungus M. thaumasium, associated and in a single oral dose; group 2, 100 g of pellets containing D. flagrans and 100 g of pellets containing M. thaumasium, associated and in a single oral dose; group 3, control. Faecal samples were collected from animals in the treated and control groups at time intervals of 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 h after the administration of treatments and placed in Petri dishes containing 2% water-agar (assay A) and cups for coprocultures (assay B). Subsequently, 1000 cyathostomin L3 were added to each Petri dish (assay A) and 1000 cyathostomin eggs were added to each coproculture (assay B) of fungi-treated and control groups. At the end of 15 days, there was observed that the two associations of pellets containing the fungi tested showed predatory activity after passing through the gastrointestinal tract of horses (assay A). In assay B, all the intervals studied showed reduction rate in the number of L3 recovered from coprocultures exceeding 80%. However, no difference (p>0.01) was seen in recovery of not predated L3 between the fungi-treated groups in the time intervals studied. The results obtained showed that the associations of pellets (50 or 100 g of each fungal isolate) were viable after passage through the gastrointestinal tract in horses and could be used in natural conditions.
Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2012-12-27 PubMed ID: 23274060DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2012.11.011Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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This research studied the impact of co-administrating sodium alginate pellets containing fungi Duddingtonia flagrans and Monacrosporium thaumasium on gastrointestinal nematodes in horses, testing the viability of the fungi after passage through the horses’ digestive system and their effect on reducing cyathostomin larvae.
Background and Objective
- The study aimed to address gaps in understanding regarding the use of certain fungi species as a control method for gastrointestinal nematodes – a common parasite in domestic animals. The focus was on the possible advantages of using combined species of fungi rather than single species.
- Specifically, the researchers explored the combined use of fungi Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001) and Monacrosporium thaumasium (NF34), investigating their survival and effectiveness after passing through the gastrointestinal tract of horses.
Methodology
- The experiment was split into two assays. Assay A investigated the viability and predatory activity of the mixed fungi on cyathostomin larvae after being ingested by horses. Assay B evaluated the reduction rate of cyathostomin larvae in coprocultures after fungi treatment.
- For the study, twelve crossbred female horses of average weight 356 kg were divided into three groups of four. The first group received a single oral dose of 50 g pellets containing each type of fungal mycelial mass, the second group received 100 g, and the third group served as a control.
- Faecal samples were collected at different intervals post-treatment to measure the reduction rate of larvae.
Results
- After fifteen days, it was observed that the mixed fungi maintained predatory activity after passing through the horses’ gastrointestinal tract.
- In assay B, it was found that there was an over 80% reduction rate in the number of cyathostomin larvae.
- However, there were no significant differences in the recovery of non-predated larvae between the fungi-treated groups across different time intervals.
Conclusion
- The findings suggest that the fungi, either in 50 g or 100 g dosages, remained viable and effective after being ingested by and passing through the digestive system of the horses.
- The study concludes that such associations of fungi could be viable for use in natural conditions to manage gastrointestinal nematodes in horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Tavela Ade O, de Araújo JV, Braga FR, da Silveira WF, Dornelas e Silva VH, Carretta Júnior M, Borges LA, Araujo JM, Benjamin Ldos A, Carvalho GR, de Paula AT.
(2012).
Coadministration of sodium alginate pellets containing the fungi Duddingtonia flagrans and Monacrosporium thaumasium on cyathostomin infective larvae after passing through the gastrointestinal tract of horses.
Res Vet Sci, 94(3), 568-572.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2012.11.011 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P.H. Rolfs s/n, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-000, Brazil. alexandre.tavela@ufv.br
MeSH Terms
- Administration, Oral
- Alginates
- Animals
- Ascomycota / metabolism
- Drug Implants
- Duddingtonia / metabolism
- Feces / parasitology
- Female
- Gastrointestinal Tract / microbiology
- Gastrointestinal Tract / parasitology
- Glucuronic Acid
- Hexuronic Acids
- Horses / parasitology
- Larva
- Strongyle Infections, Equine / parasitology
- Strongyle Infections, Equine / therapy
- Strongylida / microbiology
Citations
This article has been cited 6 times.- Li S, Wang D, Gong J, Zhang Y. Individual and Combined Application of Nematophagous Fungi as Biological Control Agents against Gastrointestinal Nematodes in Domestic Animals.. Pathogens 2022 Jan 27;11(2).
- Arroyo-Balán F, Landeros-Jaime F, González-Garduño R, Cazapal-Monteiro C, Arias-Vázquez MS, Aguilar-Tipacamú G, Esquivel-Naranjo EU, Mosqueda J. High Predatory Capacity of a Novel Arthrobotrys oligospora Variety on the Ovine Gastrointestinal Nematode Haemonchus contortus (Rhabditomorpha: Trichostrongylidae).. Pathogens 2021 Jun 29;10(7).
- Youssar L, Wernet V, Hensel N, Yu X, Hildebrand HG, Schreckenberger B, Kriegler M, Hetzer B, Frankino P, Dillin A, Fischer R. Intercellular communication is required for trap formation in the nematode-trapping fungus Duddingtonia flagrans.. PLoS Genet 2019 Mar;15(3):e1008029.
- Luns FD, Assis RCL, Silva LPC, Ferraz CM, Braga FR, de Araújo JV. Coadministration of Nematophagous Fungi for Biological Control over Nematodes in Bovine in the South-Eastern Brazil.. Biomed Res Int 2018;2018:2934674.
- Hernández JÁ, Sánchez-Andrade R, Cazapal-Monteiro CF, Arroyo FL, Sanchís JM, Paz-Silva A, Arias MS. A combined effort to avoid strongyle infection in horses in an oceanic climate region: rotational grazing and parasiticidal fungi.. Parasit Vectors 2018 Apr 12;11(1):240.
- Arias MS, Cazapal-Monteiro CF, Suárez J, Miguélez S, Francisco I, Arroyo FL, Suárez JL, Paz-Silva A, Sánchez-Andrade R, Mendoza de Gives P. Mixed production of filamentous fungal spores for preventing soil-transmitted helminth zoonoses: a preliminary analysis.. Biomed Res Int 2013;2013:567876.
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