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Veterinary world2024; 17(5); 963-972; doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.963-972

Colic incidence, risk factors, and therapeutic management in a working horse population in Tuban, Indonesia.

Abstract: Colic is the primary problem affecting equestrian care worldwide. The primary cause of colic is digestive diseases; however, they can also affect organs from different systems in the abdominal region. In addition to a prior history of the disease and its treatment, risk factors may be assessed to determine the etiology of the disease in horses without or with a history of colic. This study aimed to present a summary of the incidence, risk factors, and medical procedures for colic in horses. Unassigned: Based on owner reports, 223 horses in Tuban, Indonesia, suspected of having colic were investigated. During the investigation of clinical parameters, investigators went door-to-door with interested horse owners to gather information about potential risk factors related to equine colic. Information on horses diagnosed with colic was obtained from the medical records of treatment. A Chi-square test was used to investigate the potential association between the risk factors, medical protocol, and the outcome of colic in horses. Unassigned: Of the 187 cases, spasmodic colic was the most common (48.13%), but 17 (9.09%) had no definitive diagnosis. Poor body condition scores (χ2 = 58.73; p < 0.001), wheat bran feeding (χ2 = 26.79; p < 0.001), concentrate (χ2 = 10.66; p < 0.01), less access to water (χ2 = 128.24; p < 0.001), recurrence of colic (χ2 = 85.64; p < 0.001), no deworming program (χ2 = 54.76; p < 0.001), the presence of gastrointestinal parasites (χ2 = 56.79; p < 0.001), stressed physical activity (χ2 = 28.53; p < 0.001), and summer season (χ2 = 7.83; p < 0.01) were the risk factors for colic. We further reported that 185 (98.93%) patients who received the following medical interventions recovered: injection of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was necessary, Vitamin B complex (χ2 = 39.98; p < 0.001), fluid therapy (χ2 = 92.99; p < 0.001), and gastric intubation (χ2 = 4.09; p < 0.05). Unassigned: The importance of colic was demonstrated in 187 (83.86%) of the 223 horses investigated in Tuban, Indonesia, documented. In this study, recommendations for medical procedures when colic risk factors have been determined are presented.
Copyright: © Fikri, et al.
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Publication Date: 2024-05-04 PubMed ID: 38911082PubMed Central: PMC11188878DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.963-972Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

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The research article discusses a study conducted on incidence, risk factors, and therapeutic management related to colic in horses in Tuban, Indonesia. Colic is a common ailment primarily caused by digestive diseases and can affect other organs in the abdominal region.

Objective and Methodology

  • The study aimed to investigate the incidence, risk factors, and medical procedures associated with colic in horses.
  • It involved reviewing owner reports and medical records of 223 horses in Tuban, Indonesia suspected of having colic.
  • The researchers collected information on potential colic-related risk factors and medical protocols by conducting door-to-door visits with interested horse owners.
  • To examine any potential association between the different factors, a Chi-square test was employed.

Findings

  • Of the 187 definitive cases, spasmodic colic emerged as the most prevalent, occurring in 48.13% of the cases.
  • However, no definitive diagnosis was given for 17 (9.09%) of the cases.
  • Risk factors found to contribute to colic included poor body condition, wheat bran feeding, concentrated feeds, limited access to water, recurrence of colic, lack of a deworming program, presence of gastrointestinal parasites, physically strenuous activity, and the summer season.
  • Among those who were administered medical interventions (185 cases, or 98.93%), recovery was reported. The successful medical interventions were the injection of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, vitamin B complex, fluid therapy, and gastric intubation.

Conclusion

  • The study concludes that colic was present in 187 (or 83.86%) of the 223 horses reviewed in Tuban, Indonesia.
  • This finding underscores the significance of colic in this equine population.
  • Beyond documenting the incidence, the study also offers recommendations for medical procedures to adopt once colic risk factors have been detected.

Cite This Article

APA
Fikri F, Hendrawan D, Wicaksono AP, Purnomo A, Khairani S, Chhetri S, Purnama MTE, Çalışkan H. (2024). Colic incidence, risk factors, and therapeutic management in a working horse population in Tuban, Indonesia. Vet World, 17(5), 963-972. https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2024.963-972

Publication

Veterinary world
ISSN: 0972-8988
NlmUniqueID: 101504872
Country: India
Language: English
Volume: 17
Issue: 5
Pages: 963-972

Researcher Affiliations

Fikri, Faisal
  • Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences, Universitas Airlangga, Banyuwangi, Indonesia.
Hendrawan, Dodit
  • Animal Health Division, Indonesian Horse Veterinarian Association, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Wicaksono, Arya Pradana
  • Animal Health Division, Indonesian Horse Veterinarian Association, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Purnomo, Agus
  • Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Khairani, Shafia
  • Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjajaran, Bandung, Indonesia.
Chhetri, Shekhar
  • Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resources, Royal University of Bhutan, Lobesa, Punakha, Bhutan.
Purnama, Muhammad Thohawi Elziyad
  • Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences, Universitas Airlangga, Banyuwangi, Indonesia.
  • Department of Biology, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi, Eskişehir, Türkiye.
Çalışkan, Hakan
  • Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi, Eskişehir, Türkiye.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Citations

This article has been cited 2 times.
  1. Purnama MTE, Fikri F, Çalışkan H, Wicaksono AP. Efficacy of acupuncture in racehorses: A review. Open Vet J 2025;15(10):4789-4796.
    doi: 10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i10.1pubmed: 41246440google scholar: lookup
  2. Tharwat M, Al-Sobayil F. Equine colic: A comprehensive overview of the sonographic evaluation, diagnostic criteria, and management of different categories. Open Vet J 2025 Mar;15(3):1116-1139.
    doi: 10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i3.5pubmed: 40276205google scholar: lookup
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