Collateral flow resistance and time constants in dog and horse lungs.
Abstract: We studied collateral flow resistance in exsanguinated, excised lower lobes and accessory lobes of dog and horse lungs, respectively. A double lumen catheter obstructed a peripheral airway isolating a segment of the lobe. Oxygen flowed into the segment via a rotameter which measured flow (Vcoll) while the inner catheter recorded segment pressure (Ps). Gas delivered into the segment flowed out via collateral channels. Collateral flow resistance was calculated as (Ps - PL)/Vcoll, where PL = static transpulmonary pressure. Rcoll at PL = 20, 10, and 5 cm H2O averaged 0.24, 1.25, and 2.65 cmH2O.ml-1.s, respectively, in the dog, and 4.53, 6.00, and 12.62 cmH2O.ml-1.s in the horse. At a given PL, Rcoll measured during inflation. At constant PL, Rcoll increased with time at PL = 5 and 10 cmH2O, but was not time dependent at PL = 20 cmH2O. At constant PL, Rcoll increased at Vcoll increased. We conclude Rcoll is greater in horses than in dogs and is a function of PL, Ps - PL, and lung volume history in both species.
Publication Date: 1978-01-01 PubMed ID: 627502DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1978.44.1.63Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- U.S. Gov't
- P.H.S.
Summary
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The research article explores the resistance of collateral flow in the lower and accessory lobes of lungs in dogs and horses. The study concluded that horses have greater collateral flow resistance than dogs, and this resistance is influenced by factors including static transpulmonary pressure, the difference between segment and static transpulmonary pressure, and the lung volume history.
Experimental Procedure
- The researchers conducted their study on the lungs’ lower lobes in dogs and accessory lobes in horses. These lungs had been exsanguinated and removed prior to the experiment.
- By obstructive a peripheral airway with a double lumen catheter, they could isolate a segment of the lobe for more focused study.
Data Measurement and Examination
- Oxygen was allowed to flow into the isolated segment via a rotameter, an instrument that measures flow rate of a gas. This flow was recorded as Vcoll.
- Another inner catheter was used to measure the segment’s pressure, recorded as Ps.
- The gas delivered into the lung segment flowed out through collateral channels, mimicking the circulatory behavior of the lungs.
Calculating Collateral Flow Resistance
- The collateral flow resistance (Rcoll) was computed by taking the difference between Ps and PL (static transpulmonary pressure) and dividing it by Vcoll.
- Measurements of Rcoll were taken at different PL values (20, 10, and 5 cmH2O) in both dogs and horses. The average resistance discovered in dogs was significantly lower than in horses at each individual static transpulmonary pressure value.
- At constant static transpulmonary pressure, the resistance increased over time at PL = 5 and 10 cm H2O. However, no time dependency was observed at PL = 20 cm H2O.
Conclusions
- Overall, it was concluded that the collateral flow resistance (Rcoll) is greater in horses than in dogs.
- Beyond this, the research illustrated that Rcoll is a function of Static transpulmonary pressure (PL), the difference between segment pressure and static transpulmonary pressure (Ps – PL), and the lung volume history in both species.
Cite This Article
APA
Robinson NE, Sorenson PR.
(1978).
Collateral flow resistance and time constants in dog and horse lungs.
J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol, 44(1), 63-68.
https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1978.44.1.63 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Airway Resistance
- Animals
- Cattle
- Dog Diseases / physiopathology
- Dogs
- Horse Diseases / physiopathology
- Horses
- Humans
- Lung / anatomy & histology
- Lung / physiopathology
- Lung Diseases, Obstructive / physiopathology
- Lung Diseases, Obstructive / veterinary
- Residual Volume
- Respiration
- Species Specificity
- Total Lung Capacity
Citations
This article has been cited 6 times.- Schramm W. The (human) respiratory rate at rest. J Math Biol 2022 Oct 25;85(5):60.
- Cerullo M, Driessen B, Douglas H, Hopster K. Changes in Arterial Blood Pressure and Oxygen Tension as a Result of Hoisting in Isoflurane Anesthetized Healthy Adult Horses. Front Vet Sci 2020;7:601326.
- Park EA, Goo JM, Park SJ, Lee CH, Park CM. Collateral Ventilation Quantification Using Xenon-Enhanced Dynamic Dual-Energy CT: Differences between Canine and Swine Models of Bronchial Occlusion. Korean J Radiol 2015 May-Jun;16(3):648-56.
- Cormier Y, Atton L, Sériès F. Influence of lung volume hysteresis on collateral resistance in intact dogs. Lung 1993;171(1):43-51.
- Mohsenifar Z, Campisi D, Simmons DH. Role of pulmonary reflexes in ventilation and respiratory control of acutely obstructed dogs during assisted ventilation. Lung 1980;158(1):1-8.
- Donaldson LL. A review of the pathophysiology of exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage in the equine athlete. Vet Res Commun 1991;15(3):211-26.
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