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Home / Equine Research Bank / Antimicrob Agents Chemother / Colostrum hexasaccharide, a novel Staphylococcus aureus quor...
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2015; 59(4); 2169-2178; doi: 10.1128/AAC.03722-14

Colostrum hexasaccharide, a novel Staphylococcus aureus quorum-sensing inhibitor.

Abstract: The discovery of quorum-sensing (QS) systems regulating antibiotic resistance and virulence factors (VFs) has afforded a novel opportunity to prevent bacterial pathogenicity. Dietary molecules have been demonstrated to attenuate QS circuits of bacteria. But, to our knowledge, no study exploring the potential of colostrum hexasaccharide (CHS) in regulating QS systems has been published. In this study, we analyzed CHS for inhibiting QS signaling in Staphylococcus aureus. We isolated and characterized CHS from mare colostrum by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography evaporative light-scattering detection (RP-HPLC-ELSD), (1)H and (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Antibiofilm activity of CHS against S. aureus and its possible interference with bacterial QS systems were determined. The inhibition and eradication potentials of the biofilms were studied by microscopic analyses and quantified by 96-well-microtiter-plate assays. Also, the ability of CHS to interfere in bacterial QS by degrading acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs), one of the most studied signal molecules for Gram-negative bacteria, was evaluated. The results revealed that CHS exhibited promising inhibitory activities against QS-regulated secretion of VFs, including spreading ability, hemolysis, protease, and lipase activities, when applied at a rate of 5 mg/ml. The results of biofilm experiments indicated that CHS is a strong inhibitor of biofilm formation and also has the ability to eradicate it. The potential of CHS to interfere with bacterial QS systems was also examined by degradation of AHLs. Furthermore, it was documented that CHS decreased antibiotic resistance in S. aureus. The results thus give a lead that mare colostrum can be a promising source for isolating a next-generation antibacterial.
Copyright © 2015, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
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Publication Date: 2015-02-02 PubMed ID: 25645850PubMed Central: PMC4356819DOI: 10.1128/AAC.03722-14Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research presents a study on colostrum hexasaccharide (CHS), a molecule derived from mare’s milk, and its capacity to inhibit quorum-sensing (QS) signaling in Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, reducing its viability and antibiotic resistance.

Introduction

  • Quorum-sensing (QS) systems in bacteria control antibiotic resistance and the release of virulence factors, components that enable bacteria to cause diseases.
  • Recent studies suggest that certain dietary molecules may suppress these QS systems, reducing bacterial pathogenicity.
  • The researchers in this study chose to explore the influence of colostrum hexasaccharide (CHS), isolated from mare’s milk, on the QS systems of Staphylococcus aureus, a commonly occurring pathogenic bacterial species.

Methods

  • The CHS was extracted and characterized using a series of analytic techniques, such as high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography evaporative light-scattering detection (RP-HPLC-ELSD), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS).
  • The team then probed the potential of CHS to interfere with Staphylococcus aureus QS systems and tested its antibiofilm activity – biofilms are protective layers formed by bacteria, which can enhance their resistance to antibiotics.
  • They also investigated whether CHS could degrade acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs), a major signaling molecule for many Gram-negative bacteria.

Results

  • When applied at a concentration of 5 mg/ml, CHS demonstrated remarkable potential to inhibit QS-regulated secretion of virulence factors, like spreading ability, hemolysis (rupture of red blood cells), protease, and lipase activities.
  • Moreover, CHS showed strong antibiofilm activity, both in inhibiting its formation and subsequently breaking it down.
  • CHS also interfered with QS systems by degrading AHLs, further downregulating harmful bacterial activities.
  • Importantly, CHS treatment led to decreased antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus, indicating a promising role in battling drug-resistant bacterial strains.

Conclusion

  • The researchers concluded from these results that colostrum hexasaccharide isolated from mare’s milk could be a potential resource for developing next-generation antibacterial agents, due to its potent ability to inhibit virulence factor secretion and biofilm formation, degrade signaling molecules, and decrease antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacteria.

Cite This Article

APA
Srivastava A, Singh BN, Deepak D, Rawat AK, Singh BR. (2015). Colostrum hexasaccharide, a novel Staphylococcus aureus quorum-sensing inhibitor. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 59(4), 2169-2178. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.03722-14

Publication

Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
ISSN: 1098-6596
NlmUniqueID: 0315061
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 59
Issue: 4
Pages: 2169-2178

Researcher Affiliations

Srivastava, A
  • Pharmacognosy & Ethnopharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India Chemistry Department, Lucknow University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Singh, B N
  • Pharmacognosy & Ethnopharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India brahmasingh99@gmail.com rawataks@rediffmail.com.
Deepak, D
  • Chemistry Department, Lucknow University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Rawat, A K S
  • Pharmacognosy & Ethnopharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India brahmasingh99@gmail.com rawataks@rediffmail.com.
Singh, B R
  • Centre of Excellence in Materials Science (Nanomaterials), Z.H. College of Engineering & Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.

MeSH Terms

  • Acyl-Butyrolactones / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemistry
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Biofilms / drug effects
  • Carbohydrate Sequence
  • Colostrum / chemistry
  • Female
  • Hemolysis
  • Horses
  • Humans
  • Indoles / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Oligosaccharides / chemistry
  • Oligosaccharides / pharmacology
  • Pregnancy
  • Quorum Sensing / drug effects
  • Staphylococcus aureus / drug effects
  • Virulence Factors / metabolism

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