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Stem cell research & therapy2021; 12(1); 116; doi: 10.1186/s13287-021-02146-7

Combined macromolecule biomaterials together with fluid shear stress promote the osteogenic differentiation capacity of equine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Abstract: Combination of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and biomaterials is a rapidly growing approach in regenerative medicine particularly for chronic degenerative disorders including osteoarthritis and osteoporosis. The present study examined the effect of biomaterial scaffolds on equine adipose-derived MSC morphology, viability, adherence, migration, and osteogenic differentiation. MSCs were cultivated in conjunction with collagen CultiSpher-S Microcarrier (MC), nanocomposite xerogels B30 and combined B30 with strontium (B30Str) biomaterials in osteogenic differentiation medium either under static or mechanical fluid shear stress (FSS) culture conditions. The data were generated by histological means, live cell imaging, cell viability, adherence and migration assays, semi-quantification of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and quantification of the osteogenic markers runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression. The data revealed that combined mechanical FSS with MC but not B30 enhanced MSC viability and promoted their migration. Combined osteogenic medium with MC, B30, and B30Str increased ALP activity compared to cultivation in basal medium. Osteogenic induction with MC, B30, and B30Str resulted in diffused matrix mineralization. The combined osteogenic induction with biomaterials under mechanical FSS increased Runx2 protein expression either in comparison to those cells cultivated in BM or those cells induced under static culture. Runx2 and ALP expression was upregulated following combined osteogenic differentiation together with B30 and B30Str regardless of static or FSS culture. Taken together, the data revealed that FSS in conjunction with biomaterials promoted osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. This combination may be considered as a marked improvement for clinical applications to cure bone defects.
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Publication Date: 2021-02-12 PubMed ID: 33579348PubMed Central: PMC7879632DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02146-7Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article discusses how the combined use of biomaterials and fluid shear stress enhances the ability of equine adipose-derived stem cells to differentiate into bone cells. The findings may offer a promising approach to treating bone defects in clinical applications.

Understanding the Research

The goal of the research was to explore the impact of biomaterial scaffolds and fluid shear stress on equine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. This is particularly relevant in the field of regenerative medicine where stem cells and biomaterials are being increasingly used to treat degenerative disorders.

  • The research studied the effect of three types of biomaterial scaffolds on the morphology, viability, adherence, migration, and osteogenic differentiation (capacity to turn into bone cells) of equine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
  • These scaffolds were collagen CultiSpher-S Microcarrier (MC), nanocomposite xerogels B30, and combined B30 with strontium (B30Str).
  • Stem cells were cultured under different conditions – static or mechanical fluid shear stress (FSS), and with or without osteogenic differentiation medium.

Main Findings

This study yielded numerous important conclusions regarding the behavior of equine adipose-derived stem cells under different conditions.

  • It was found that stem cells were more viable and more mobile when combined with MC under mechanical FSS.
  • Use of osteogenic medium with MC, B30, and B30Str increased ALP activity, which is typically associated with bone formation.
  • The combination of osteogenic induction with biomaterials under mechanical FSS increased Runx2 protein expression, another important factor in bone formation.
  • It was found that Runx2 and ALP expression was upregulated when combined with B30 and B30Str, irrespective of whether the culture was in static or FSS condition.

Implications of the Research

This research contributes significant insights to the growing field of regenerative medicine. If stem cells and biomaterials can be manipulated to enhance bone formation, it could potentially lead to more effective treatments for bone defects.

  • The research findings suggest that the combination of stem cells, biomaterials, and fluid shear stress promotes osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. This may provide an innovative strategy to improve recovery from bone damage or degenerative disorders.

Cite This Article

APA
Elashry MI, Baulig N, Wagner AS, Klymiuk MC, Kruppke B, Hanke T, Wenisch S, Arnhold S. (2021). Combined macromolecule biomaterials together with fluid shear stress promote the osteogenic differentiation capacity of equine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther, 12(1), 116. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-021-02146-7

Publication

Stem cell research & therapy
ISSN: 1757-6512
NlmUniqueID: 101527581
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Pages: 116
PII: 116

Researcher Affiliations

Elashry, Mohamed I
  • Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 98, 35392, Giessen, Germany. Mohammed.Elashry@vetmed.uni-giessen.de.
Baulig, Nadine
  • Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 98, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
Wagner, Alena-Svenja
  • Clinic of Small Animals, c/o Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
  • Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
Klymiuk, Michele C
  • Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 98, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
Kruppke, Benjamin
  • Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, 01069, Dresden, Germany.
Hanke, Thomas
  • Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, 01069, Dresden, Germany.
Wenisch, Sabine
  • Clinic of Small Animals, c/o Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
Arnhold, Stefan
  • Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 98, 35392, Giessen, Germany.

MeSH Terms

  • Alkaline Phosphatase / genetics
  • Animals
  • Biocompatible Materials
  • Cell Differentiation
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Horses
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells
  • Osteogenesis
  • Stress, Mechanical

Conflict of Interest Statement

All the authors have declared no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article.

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