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Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2020; 10(3); doi: 10.3390/ani10030411

Common Feeding Practices Pose A Risk to the Welfare of Horses When Kept on Non-Edible Bedding.

Abstract: During the evolution of the horse, an extended period of feed intake, spread over the entire 24-h period, determined the horses' behaviour and physiology. Horses will not interrupt their feed intake for more than 4 hours, if they have a choice. The aim of the present study was to investigate in what way restrictive feeding practices (non ad libitum) affect the horses' natural feed intake behaviour. We observed the feed intake behaviour of 104 horses on edible (n = 30) and non-edible bedding (n = 74) on ten different farms. We assessed the duration of the forced nocturnal feed intake interruption of horses housed on shavings when no additional roughage was available. Furthermore, we comparatively examined the feed intake behaviour of horses housed on edible versus non-edible bedding. The daily restrictive feeding of roughage (2 times a day: n = 8; 3 times a day: n = 2), as it is common in individual housing systems, resulted in a nocturnal feed intake interruption of more than 4 hours for the majority (74.32%, 55/74) of the horses on shavings (8:50 ± 1:25 h, median: 8:45 h, minimum: 6:45 h, maximum: 13:23 h). In comparison to horses on straw, horses on shavings paused their feed intake less frequently and at a later latency. Furthermore, they spent less time on consuming the evening meal than horses on straw. Our results of the comparison of the feed-intake behaviour of horses on edible and non-edible bedding show that the horses' ethological feeding needs are not satisfied on non-edible bedding. If the horses accelerate their feed intake (also defined as "rebound effect"), this might indicate that the horses` welfare is compromised. We conclude that in addition to the body condition score, the longest duration of feed intake interruption (usually in the night) is an important welfare indicator of horses that have limited access to roughage.
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Publication Date: 2020-03-02 PubMed ID: 32131415PubMed Central: PMC7142811DOI: 10.3390/ani10030411Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The study investigates how restrictive feeding practices affect the natural feeding behaviour of horses, particularly when housed on inedible bedding. The results suggest conventional feeding methods, often used in individual housing systems, could be detrimental to the welfare of horses, due to causing long interruptions in their feed intake.

Research Aim and Methodology

  • The objective of the study was to examine the effects of restrictive feeding practices on a horse’s natural eating behaviour. These practices involve limited feeding times, in contrast to the constant availability of food (ad libitum).
  • The study was conducted on 104 horses on ten different farms, with some residing on edible bedding (30 horses) and others on non-edible bedding (74 horses).
  • The research specifically assessed the duration and frequency of forced nocturnal feed intake interruptions in horses housed on shavings when no additional roughage was provided. This compared the feeding behavior of horses housed on both edible and non-edible bedding.

Finding: Impacts of Restrictive Feeding

  • The study found that restricting roughage feeding to twice or thrice a day resulted in a nocturnal feed intake interruption of over four hours for most horses residing on shavings. This is significant as horses have evolved to eat throughout the day with few interruptions.
  • Compared to horses on straw, horses on shavings paused their feed less often and only after a longer span of time (latency). They also spend less time consuming the evening meal.

Implication for Horse Welfare

  • The research found that horses housed on non-edible bedding exhibit a feeding pattern incompatible with their natural, ethological needs. Such a disruption in regular feeding practice can have negative implications for horses’ welfare.
  • The study suggests that horses may eat more quickly when the food is available again, a phenomenon referred to as the “rebound effect”. This could indicate that their welfare is compromised due to pressure exerted by limited access to roughage.
  • The researchers concluded that in addition to assessing body condition score, the duration of the longest interruption in feed intake, usually occurring at night, is a vital indicator of horse welfare when their access to food is limited.

Cite This Article

APA
Baumgartner M, Boisson T, Erhard MH, Zeitler-Feicht MH. (2020). Common Feeding Practices Pose A Risk to the Welfare of Horses When Kept on Non-Edible Bedding. Animals (Basel), 10(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10030411

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 10
Issue: 3

Researcher Affiliations

Baumgartner, Miriam
  • Ethology, Animal Husbandries and Animal Welfare Research Group, Chair of Organic Agriculture and Agronomy, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Liesel Beckmann-Str. 2, 85354 Freising, Germany.
Boisson, Theresa
  • Ethology, Animal Husbandries and Animal Welfare Research Group, Chair of Organic Agriculture and Agronomy, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Liesel Beckmann-Str. 2, 85354 Freising, Germany.
Erhard, Michael H
  • Chair of Animal Welfare, Ethology, Animal Hygiene and Animal Husbandry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Veterinärstr. 13, 80539 Munich, Germany.
Zeitler-Feicht, Margit H
  • Ethology, Animal Husbandries and Animal Welfare Research Group, Chair of Organic Agriculture and Agronomy, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Liesel Beckmann-Str. 2, 85354 Freising, Germany.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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