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Frontiers in microbiology2019; 10; 1821; doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01821

Community Composition and Diversity of Intestinal Microbiota in Captive and Reintroduced Przewalski’s Horse (Equus ferus przewalskii).

Abstract: Large and complex intestinal microbiota communities in hosts have profound effects on digestion and metabolism. To better understand the community structure of intestinal microbiota in Przewalski's horse () under different feeding regimes, we compared bacterial diversity and composition between captive and reintroduced Przewalski's horses, using high-throughput 16S-rRNA gene sequencing for identification. Reintroduced Przewalski's horses were sampled in two Chinese nature reserves, i.e., Dunhuang Xihu Nature Reserve (DXNR; = 8) in Gansu Province and Kalamaili Nature Reserve (KNR; = 12) in Xinjiang Province, and compared to a captive population at the Przewalski's Horse Breeding Center in Xinjiang (PHBC; = 11). The composition of intestinal microbiota in Przewalski's horses was significantly different at the three study sites. Observed species was lowest in DXNR, but highest in KNR. Lowest Shannon diversity was observed in DXNR, while in KNR and PHBC had a moderately high diversity; Simpson diversity showed an opposite trend compared with the Shannon index. Linear Discriminant Analysis effect size was used to determine differentially distributed bacterial taxa at each study site. The most dominant phyla of intestinal microbiota were similar in all feeding regimes, including mainly Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, and Spirochaetes. Differing abundances of intestinal microbiota in Przewalski's horses may be related to different food types at each study site, differences in diversity may be attributed to low quality food in DXNR. Results indicated that diet is one of the important factors that can influence the structure of intestinal microbiota communities in Przewalski's horse. These findings combined with a detailed knowledge of the available and consumed food plant species could provide guidelines for the selection of potential future reintroduction sites.
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Publication Date: 2019-08-07 PubMed ID: 31440229PubMed Central: PMC6693443DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01821Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research paper studied the diversity and composition of intestinal bacteria in Przewalski’s horse under different diets, revealing how diet influences the structure of these microbial communities. This could assist in choosing future reintroduction sites for this species.

Methodology

  • The research used high-throughput 16S-rRNA gene sequencing to analyze the bacterial diversity and composition in two groups of Przewalski’s horses: captive and reintroduced.
  • Specimens from reintroduced horses were gathered from two nature reserves in China – Dunhuang Xihu Nature Reserve (DXNR, 8 samples) and Kalamaili Nature Reserve (KNR, 12 samples), and these were compared to a captive population at the Przewalski’s Horse Breeding Center in Xinjiang (PHBC, 11 samples).

Results

  • There was significant difference in the composition of intestinal microbiota in the horses studied across the three sites.
  • The number of observed species was minimum in DXNR and maximum in KNR.
  • Shannon diversity, which is an indicator of the species diversity in a community, was lowest in DXNR while being reasonably high in KNR and PHBC. Conversely, Simpson diversity, another measure of diversity that is particularly sensitive to changes in the proportion of the most common species, showed an opposite trend.
  • Linear Discriminant Analysis effect size was used to identify different bacterial taxa at each study site.
  • The most common phyla of intestinal microbiota, including Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, and Spirochaetes, were similar across all feeding regimes.

Conclusions and Implications

  • The variations in the abundance of intestinal microbiota in Przewalski’s horses may be related to different food types at each study site, illustrating the impact of diet on the structure of these microbial communities.
  • The differences in diversity may be attributed to the lower quality food in DXNR.
  • These findings provide insight that could inform the selection of future reintroduction sites, by ensuring the food available at the site is appropriate and supportive of their intestinal microbiota.

Cite This Article

APA
Li Y, Zhang K, Liu Y, Li K, Hu D, Wronski T. (2019). Community Composition and Diversity of Intestinal Microbiota in Captive and Reintroduced Przewalski’s Horse (Equus ferus przewalskii). Front Microbiol, 10, 1821. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01821

Publication

Frontiers in microbiology
ISSN: 1664-302X
NlmUniqueID: 101548977
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 10
Pages: 1821
PII: 1821

Researcher Affiliations

Li, Yimeng
  • College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
Zhang, Ke
  • College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
Liu, Yang
  • College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
Li, Kai
  • College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
Hu, Defu
  • College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
Wronski, Torsten
  • School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.

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