Comparative effects of cholera toxin, Salmonella typhimurium culture lysate, and viable Salmonella typhimurium in isolated colon segments in ponies.
Abstract: Isolated segments of left dorsal colon and a side-to-side colocolostomy (between the left ventral colon and left dorsal colon) were surgically created in 6 adult ponies. Four segments, each separated by an empty segment, were inoculated (20 ml) with 1 of the following 4 solutions: phosphate buffered saline solution (PBSS)/1% polyethylene glycol (PEG); purified cholera toxin in PBSS/1% PEG (5 micrograms cholera toxin/ml of PBSS/1% PEG); lyophilized Salmonella typhimurium UCD 1755 culture lysate, reconstituted in PBSS/1% PEG; and viable S typhimurium UCD 1755 (10(8) organisms/ml of PBSS/1% PEG). Twenty hours following inoculation of the treatment solutions into the isolated colon segments, the ponies were reanesthetized. Fluid accumulation in the isolated segments was measured, and tissue samples from isolated segments were taken for examination by light microscopy and electron microscopy, and for measurement of mucosal cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels. There was fluid accumulation in segments inoculated with cholera toxin in 4 ponies (29.5 +/- 12.7 ml), and in segments inoculated with S typhimurium UCD 1755 culture lysate in 3 ponies (14.0 +/- 8.7 ml). There was no fluid accumulation in segments inoculated with either the control solution (PBSS/1% PEG) or viable S typhimurium UCD 1755. There was significantly (P less than 0.05) less cyclic adenosine monophosphate in segments inoculated with cholera toxin, Salmonella lysate, and viable Salmonella, compared with control segments. Histologically, there were minimal changes in control segments, consisting of mild to moderate submucosal edema and capillary congestion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Publication Date: 1989-01-01 PubMed ID: 2645817
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
This research attempted to evaluate the impact of cholera toxin, Salmonella typhimurium culture lysate, and live Salmonella typhimurium in parts of the colon in ponies. The article reveals an increase in fluid accumulation with cholera toxin and Salmonella lysate but not with live Salmonella or the control solution. It was also found that cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels were lower in the inoculated segments.
Experimental Procedure
- In this experiment, isolated sections of the left dorsal colon, as well as a side-to-side colocolostomy between the left ventral colon and left dorsal colon, were surgically crafted in 6 adult ponies.
- Each pony had four separate segments, each punctuated by a clear segment. These were injected (20 ml) with one of four distinct solutions: a phosphate buffered saline solution (PBSS)/1% polyethylene glycol (PEG); cholera toxin in PBSS/1% PEG; Salmonella typhimurium UCD 1755 culture lysate mixed in PBSS/1% PEG; and live Salmonella typhimurium UCD 1755.
Key Observations
- After 20 hours, the ponies were reanesthetized and the fluid within the colon segments was measured. Tissue samples from the segments were also extracted for light and electron microscopic examination and for measurement of mucosal cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels.
- The segments exposed to cholera toxin in 4 ponies resulted in a significant fluid buildup (29.5 +/- 12.7 ml), and exposure to the S. typhimurium UCD 1755 culture lysate in 3 ponies also caused fluid accumulation (14.0 +/- 8.7 ml).
- No fluid buildup was observed in segments treated with the control solution (PBSS/1% PEG) or the live Salmonella typhimurium UCD 1755.
- Furthermore, the levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate were significantly lower in segments exposed to cholera toxin, Salmonella lysate, and the live Salmonella, relative to the control segments.
Conclusions
- The results indicate a notable reaction to the cholera toxin and the S. typhimurium UCD 1755 culture lysate but not to the live Salmonella or the control fluid. This could potentially offer insights into the varying impacts and mechanisms by which different toxins and bacteria affect the equine colon.
Cite This Article
APA
Murray MJ, Doran RE, Pfeiffer CJ, Tyler DE, Moore JN, Sriranganathan N.
(1989).
Comparative effects of cholera toxin, Salmonella typhimurium culture lysate, and viable Salmonella typhimurium in isolated colon segments in ponies.
Am J Vet Res, 50(1), 22-28.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Marion duPont Scott Equine Medical Center, Leesburg, VA 22075.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Cholera Toxin / toxicity
- Colon / microbiology
- Colon / pathology
- Colon / ultrastructure
- Enterotoxins / toxicity
- Female
- Horse Diseases / microbiology
- Horse Diseases / pathology
- Horses
- Male
- Microscopy, Electron
- Salmonella Infections, Animal / microbiology
- Salmonella Infections, Animal / pathology
- Salmonella typhimurium / physiology
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Hanes DE, Robl MG, Schneider CM, Burr DH. New Zealand white rabbit as a nonsurgical experimental model for Salmonella enterica gastroenteritis. Infect Immun 2001 Oct;69(10):6523-6.
- Haywood LMB, Sheahan BJ. A Review of Epithelial Ion Transporters and Their Roles in Equine Infectious Colitis. Vet Sci 2024 Oct 7;11(10).
Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
