Comparative Trial of Continuous Flow Enteral and Intravenous Fluid Therapy in Horses.
Abstract: Continuous flow enteral fluid therapy with isotonic and hypotonic enteral electrolyte solutions are as safe and effective as intravenous fluid therapy. The aim of this study was to carry out a comparative assessment between continuous flow enteral and intravenous (IV) fluid therapy in adult experimentally dehydrated horses. Six experimentally dehydrated adult mares were used in a study carried out in a 6 × 3 crossover design, which each animal received three different treatments (isotonic enteral fluid therapy-EsISO, hypotonic enteral fluid therapy-EsHYPO and intravenous fluid therapy with Lactate Ringer Solution-LR IV, all in continuous flow). Solutions were administered at a rate of 15 mL.kg.h for 8 h, after 36 h of water and food deprivation. Serum and urinary biochemical assessment; urinary volume, pH and specific gravity; and blood gas analysis were measured at -36, 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 h. The dehydration period (DP) caused discrete hydroelectrolytic and acid base imbalances. The EsISO, EsHYPO and LR IV increased blood volume. Enteral solutions restored the imbalances yielded by the DP and all treatments increased urine volume. Also, the EsHYPO and LR IV showed no effects in acid base balance, while EsISO showed slightly acidifying effect. The present study certifies the efficacy and safety of isotonic and hypotonic continuous flow enteral fluid therapy in comparison to IV fluid therapy in dehydrated horses.
Copyright © 2021 Dias, Ribeiro Filho, Viana, Bittencourt, Dantas, Teixeira, Di Filippo, Manso Filho, Alves, Santos and Moreira.
Publication Date: 2021-08-06 PubMed ID: 34422943PubMed Central: PMC8377500DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.686425Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of administering isotonic and hypotonic fluids orally (enteral) compared to giving them via an intravenous (IV) drip in dehydrated adult horses, with findings showing both methods to be equally beneficial.
Research Design
- This study was designed as a 6 x 3 crossover trial using six dehydrated adult mares. Each horse was subjected to three different treatments in sequence.
- The treatments were isotonic enteral fluid therapy (EsISO), hypotonic enteral fluid therapy (EsHYPO), and intravenous fluid therapy with a Lactate Ringer Solution (LR IV).
- All fluids were administrated at a rate of 15 mL/kg/hour for 8 hours, following a period of 36 hours with no food or water.
Data Collection and Analysis
- Data was collected at different designated hours (-36, 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8) with regards to serum biochemistry, urinary biochemistry, volume and pH, and blood gas analysis.
- The 36-hour dehydration period resulted in slight imbalances in the horses’ hydroelectrolytic and acid-base balances.
- All treatments increased blood volume and caused increased urine output.
- Both the EsHYPO and IV treatments retained the balance of acid and base in the body, while EsISO resulted in a mildly acidifying effect.
Conclusion of the Study
- The study concluded that both continuous flow enteral fluid therapy (using both isotonic and hypotonic solutions) and IV fluid therapy were effective in addressing dehydration in horses.
- However, the IV approach and hypotonic oral solution had no effects on the acid-base balance of the dehydrated horses, whereas the isotonic oral solution had a minor acidifying effect.
- This suggests that oral fluid therapy could be an effective alternative to IV fluid therapy for dehydrated horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Dias DCR, Ribeiro Filho JD, Viana RB, Bittencourt TCC, Dantas FTDR, Teixeira RBC, Di Filippo PA, Manso Filho HC, Alves SR, Santos PVM, Moreira NS.
(2021).
Comparative Trial of Continuous Flow Enteral and Intravenous Fluid Therapy in Horses.
Front Vet Sci, 8, 686425.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.686425 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Research in Veterinary Internal Medicine, Veterinary Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil.
- Institute of Animal Health and Production, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, Brazil.
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
- Crescer Consultancy Service, Salvador, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Research in Veterinary Internal Medicine, Veterinary Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Animal Clinic and Surgery Center of Agricultural and Livestock Sciences and Technology, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil.
- Zootechnics Department, Equine Researcher Center, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Research in Veterinary Internal Medicine, Veterinary Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Research in Veterinary Internal Medicine, Veterinary Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil.
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
Conflict of Interest Statement
FD is employed by the company Crescer Consultancy Service. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
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