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Comparison of four horse herpesviruses.
Abstract: Four equine herpesviruses (equine abortion virus, equine herpesvirus types 2 and 3, and equine cytomegalovirus) were compared. The equine abortion virus did not cross-neutralize with any of the other viruses, but the other three did show varying degrees of cross-neutralization among themselves. Equine abortion virus grew more quickly in tissue cultures than did the others, and attained higher titers of infectivity in the culture fluid; it also formed plaques in a wider range of tissue culture species, although the other three were not specific for one tissue culture system only, in that they would multiply in rabbit and cat kidney cultures. The densities of the deoxyribonucleic acids of all four viruses were in the range 1.716 to 1.717 g/ml (a guanine plus cytosine content of 57 to 58%). Taxonomic separation, as a distinct serotype, of equine abortion virus from the other herpesviruses seems to be justified. The other three are closely related to one another. They should perhaps be regarded as separate viruses and termed horse herpesviruses types 2, 3, and 4, although an alternative view would be to regard them as variants of a single virus type. The question of whether types 2, 3, and 4, or any other herpesviruses, should be placed in a phylogenetically distinct subgroup, known as cytomegaloviruses, is a moot point.
Publication Date: 1969-11-01 PubMed ID: 4982831PubMed Central: PMC375932DOI: 10.1128/JVI.4.5.738-741.1969Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
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The research article is about a comparison study of four types of horse herpesviruses, examining their differences in growth rates, their ability to infect various kinds of tissue culture, and their genetic makeup. The study also considers the taxonomic categorization of these viruses.
Comparison of Horse Herpesviruses
The study comparatively analyzed four distinct equine herpesviruses; namely, equine abortion virus, equine herpesvirus types 2 and 3, and equine cytomegalovirus. Here are the main findings:
- Equine abortion virus was found to not cross-neutralize with any of the other viruses, meaning it doesn’t neutralize the effects of the other herpes viruses.
- The other three herpesviruses showed varying degrees of cross-neutralization, indicating that they can partially neutralize each other’s effects.
Comparative Growth in Tissue Cultures
The researchers examined the growth of the four horse herpesviruses in tissue cultures.
- Equine abortion virus demonstrated faster growth in tissue cultures than the other viruses.
- This virus also reached higher rates of infectivity in the culture fluid, suggesting it can potentially infect more cells.
- Equine abortion virus has a wider scope of tissue culture species in which it can form plaques, or cell damage. However, the other three viruses weren’t specific to a single tissue culture but could multiply across rabbit and cat kidney cultures.
Density and Genetic Content
The genetic content and densities of the four viruses were also compared.
- All four viruses had deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) densities situated in the range of 1.716 to 1.717 g/ml.
- Their guanine plus cytosine content (which comprise significant building blocks of DNA) ranged from 57 to 58%.
Taxonomic Separation
In light of these findings, the paper suggests that separating the equine abortion virus from the other three herpesviruses as a distinct serotype could be justified due to its unique behaviour.
- The other three viruses, being closely related to each other, could either be considered as separate viruses or variants of a single virus type.
- The paper also raises the question of whether these three viruses should be placed in a specific subgroup like cytomegaloviruses.
Cite This Article
APA
Plummer G, Bowling CP, Goodheart CR.
(1969).
Comparison of four horse herpesviruses.
J Virol, 4(5), 738-741.
https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.4.5.738-741.1969 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Abortion, Veterinary / etiology
- Animals
- Cell Line
- Centrifugation, Density Gradient
- Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral
- DNA, Viral / analysis
- Female
- Haplorhini
- Herpesviridae / classification
- Horse Diseases / microbiology
- Horses
- Kidney
- Neutralization Tests
- Pregnancy
References
This article includes 6 references
- Karpas A. Characterization of a new herpes-like virus isolated from foal kidney.. Ann Inst Pasteur (Paris) 1966 May;110(5):688-96.
- Hsiung GD, Fischman HR, Fong CK, Green RH. Characterization of a cytomegalo-like virus isolated from spontaneously degenerated equine kidney cell culture.. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1969 Jan;130(1):80-4.
- DOLL ER, RICHARDS MG, WALLACE ME. Adaptation of the equine abortion virus to suckling Syrian hamsters.. Cornell Vet 1953 Oct;43(4):551-8.
- SCHILDKRAUT CL, MARMUR J, DOTY P. Determination of the base composition of deoxyribonucleic acid from its buoyant density in CsCl.. J Mol Biol 1962 Jun;4:430-43.
- PLUMMER G, WATERSON AP. Equine herpes viruses.. Virology 1963 Mar;19:412-6.
- RUSSELL WC, CRAWFORD LV. PROPERTIES OF THE NUCLEIC ACIDS FROM SOME HERPES GROUP VIRUSES.. Virology 1964 Feb;22:288-92.
Citations
This article has been cited 7 times.- Marenzoni ML, Stefanetti V, Danzetta ML, Timoney PJ. Gammaherpesvirus infections in equids: a review. Vet Med (Auckl) 2015;6:91-101.
- Plummer G, Goodheart CR, Studdert MJ. Equine herpesviruses: antigenic relationships and deoxyribonucleic acid densities. Infect Immun 1973 Oct;8(4):621-7.
- Fong CK, Hsiung GD. Development of an equine herpesvirus in two cell culture systems: light and electron microscopy. Infect Immun 1972 Nov;6(5):865-76.
- Plummer G, Coleman PL, Henson D. Chronic infection of the rabbit central nervous system by a slowly growing equine herpesvirus. Infect Immun 1972 Feb;5(2):172-5.
- Ludwig H. [Genetic material of herpesviruses. II. Genetic relatedness of various herpesviruses]. Med Microbiol Immunol 1972;157(3):212-38.
- Kemeny LJ. Antigenic relationships of equine herpesvirus strains demonstrated by the plaque reduction and neutralization kinetics tests. Can J Comp Med 1971 Oct;35(4):279-84.
- Staczek J. Animal cytomegaloviruses. Microbiol Rev 1990 Sep;54(3):247-65.
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