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Comparison of gluteus medius muscle activity in Haflinger and Noriker horses with polysaccharide storage myopathy.
Abstract: Type 1 polysaccharide storage myopathy caused by genetic mutation in the glycogen synthase 1 gene is present in many breeds including the Noriker and Haflinger horses. In humans, EMG has already been used to document changes in the muscle activity patterns of patients affected by human glycogen storage disorders. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to describe gluteus muscle activity with surface electromyography (sEMG) in Haflinger and Noriker horses with known GYS1 mutation status during walk and trot. Thirty-two horses (11 Haflinger and 21 Noriker horses) with homozygous non-affected (GG), heterozygous affected (GA) and homozygous affected (AA) status of GYS1 mutation without overt clinical signs of any myopathy were selected for the current study. Using surface electromyography gluteus medius muscle activity at walk and at trot was measured, and muscle activity was described in relation to the maximum observed value at the same sensor and the same gait. In order to further describe the signals in detail comprising both frequencies and amplitudes, the crossings through the baseline and the 25, 50 and 75 percentile lines were determined. The result of the relative muscle activity did not show a consistent difference between affected and non-affected horses. Genetically affected (GA and AA) horses showed significantly less density of muscle activity for both gaits and horse breeds except for the crossings per second at the baseline and 75 percentile at walk in the Haflinger horses and 75 percentile at trot in the Noriker horses. The medians of all calculated density values were significantly lower in the GA Haflingers compared to the GG Haflingers (p = 0.012) and also in the AA Norikers compared to the GG Norikers (p = 0.011). Results indicate that the GYS1 mutation reduces the number of functional muscle fibres detected by sEMG measurements even in the absence of overt clinical signs.
© 2021 The Authors. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.
Publication Date: 2021-02-20 PubMed ID: 33609063PubMed Central: PMC9291294DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13504Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
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The research study investigates the activity of gluteus medius muscle in Haflinger and Noriker horses with the GYS1 mutation causing type 1 polysaccharide storage myopathy using surface electromyography (sEMG). The researchers found no consistent difference between affected and non-affected horses in relative muscle activity, but genetically affected horses showed less dense muscle activity, suggesting that the mutation reduces the number of functional muscle fibres even without visible clinical signs.
Research Objectives and Methods
- The study aimed to describe gluteus medius muscle activity using sEMG in horses from two breeds, Haflinger and Noriker, known to possess the GYS1 mutation causing type 1 polysaccharide storage myopathy.
- The authors targeted both walking and trotting movements and tracked muscle activity relative to the highest observed value at the same sensor and gait.
- Studies included a total of 32 horses (11 Haflinger and 21 Noriker horses) at various stages of the GYS1 mutation, namely homozygous non-affected (GG), heterozygous affected (GA), and homozygous affected (AA).
- Additionally, the signals were thoroughly analyzed by recording crossings through the baseline and the 25, 50, and 75 percentile lines to account for frequency and amplitude variations.
Results and Interpretation
- Upon evaluation, the relative muscle activity showed no consistent variations between affected and non-affected horses. However, the genetically affected (GA and AA) horses displayed significantly less muscle activity density for both gaits and horse breeds, barring a few exceptions.
- The median values for muscle activity density were notably lower in the GA Haflinger horses compared to the GG Haflinger horses, and the same trend was observed between the AA and GG Noriker horses.
- Despite the absence of explicit clinical signs, the results suggested that the GYS1 mutation reduces the number of functional muscle fibres, which is evident from the sEMG recordings.
Implications of Findings
- The study underscores the impact of the GYS1 mutation on muscle activity in horses, even in the absence of overt clinical signs.
- This research might contribute significantly to our understanding of genetic disorders in horses, potentially aiding in early detection, treatment strategies, and management of polysaccharide storage myopathy in affected horse breeds.
Cite This Article
APA
Zsoldos RR, Khayatzadeh N, Soelkner J, Schroeder U, Hahn C, Licka TF.
(2021).
Comparison of gluteus medius muscle activity in Haflinger and Noriker horses with polysaccharide storage myopathy.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl), 105(3), 549-557.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.13504 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Division Livestock Sciences, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Qld, Australia.
- Division Livestock Sciences, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Division Livestock Sciences, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Department for Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK.
- Department for Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Horse Diseases / genetics
- Horses
- Humans
- Muscle, Skeletal
- Muscular Diseases / genetics
- Muscular Diseases / veterinary
- Polysaccharides
Grant Funding
- Austrian Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management
- I1532-B23 / Austrian Science Fund
Conflict of Interest Statement
None of the authors of this paper has a financial or personal relationship with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence or bias the content of the paper.
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