Comparison of insertion time and pullout strength between self-tapping and non-self-tapping AO 4.5-mm cortical bone screws in adult equine third metacarpal bone.
Abstract: To compare screw insertion characteristics and pullout mechanical properties between self-tapping (ST) and non-self-tapping (NST) AO 4.5-mm cortical bone screws in adult equine third metacarpal bone (MC3). Methods: In vitro biomechanical experiment. Methods: Seven pairs of adult equine MC3. Methods: Bicortical holes were drilled transversely in proximal metaphyseal, diaphyseal, and distal metaphyseal locations of paired MC3. NST screws were inserted in pre-tapped holes in 3 sites of one bone pair, and ST screws were inserted in non-tapped holes of contralateral MC3. Tapping and screw insertion times and maximum torques were measured. Screw pullout mechanical properties were determined. Results: Screw insertion time was longer for ST screws. Total time for tapping and insertion (total insertion time) was over twice as long for NST screws. Statistically significant differences were not observed between screws for any pullout mechanical property. From pullout tests, diaphyseal locations had significantly stiffer and stronger structure than metaphyseal locations. Pullout failure more commonly occurred because of screw breakage than bone failure. Bone failure and bone comminution were more commonly associated with ST screws. Bone failure sites had pullout failure loads that were 90% of screw failure sites. Conclusions: NST and ST 4.5-mm-diameter cortical bone screws have similar pullout mechanical properties from adult equine MC3. ST screws require less than half the total insertion time of NST screws. Conclusions: Use of ST 4.5-mm-diameter cortical bone screws should be considered for repair of adult equine MC3 fractures; however, bone failures at screw sites should be monitored.
Copyright 2002 by The American College of Veterinary Surgeons
Publication Date: 2002-05-08 PubMed ID: 11994845DOI: 10.1053/jvet.2002.32398Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Comparative Study
- Evaluation Study
- Journal Article
Summary
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The research article discusses a comparative study into the insertion characteristics and pullout strengths of self-tapping (ST) and non-self-tapping (NST) AO 4.5-mm cortical bone screws in adult horse (equine) third metacarpal bones, observing that while time for insertion is longer for ST screws, their overall pullout mechanical properties are similar to NST screws.
Objective of the Research
- The research aimed to analyze and compare the insertion parameters and pullout mechanical features of self-tapping (ST) and non-self-tapping (NST) AO 4.5-mm cortical bone screws within the third metacarpal bones (MC3) of adult horses.
Methodology
- An in vitro (controlled environment experiment) biomechanical experiment was conducted using seven pairs of adult equine MC3.
- In both NST and ST screws, transverse bicortical holes were drilled in different locations of the paired MC3 bones.
- For NST screws, pre-tapped holes were used, while ST screws were inserted into non-tapped holes.
- The researchers then quantified the screw insertion times, tapping times, and maximum torques of both groups.
- The pullout mechanical characteristic outcomes of the screws were also determined.
Results
- The insertion time for ST screws was notably longer, but the cumulative time for tapping and inserting (total insertion time) was over twice as long for NST screws.
- No statistically significant variations were observed in the pullout mechanical properties between the two kinds of screws.
- During pullout tests, diaphyseal (shaft) locations showed to be significantly stiffer and stronger compared to metaphyseal (end) locations.
- Screw breakage was more common than bone failure during the pullout process.
- ST screws were usually associated with bone failure and bone comminution (breaking of bone into many small pieces).
- Bone failure sites had pullout failure loads which were 90% of those at screw failure sites.
Conclusions
- The 4.5-mm-diameter ST and NST cortical bone screws demonstrated similar pullout mechanical characteristics.
- ST screws exhibited less than half the total insertion time of NST screws, making their usage more time-efficient.
- Basing on these results, the researchers recommend the use of ST 4.5-mm-diameter cortical bone screws for repair of adult equine MC3 fractures, although they suggested monitoring for potential bone failures at screw sites.
Cite This Article
APA
Andrea CR, Stover SM, Galuppo LD, Taylor KT, Rakestraw PC.
(2002).
Comparison of insertion time and pullout strength between self-tapping and non-self-tapping AO 4.5-mm cortical bone screws in adult equine third metacarpal bone.
Vet Surg, 31(3), 189-194.
https://doi.org/10.1053/jvet.2002.32398 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- J.D. Wheat Veterinary Orthopedic Research Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Biomechanical Phenomena
- Bone Screws / veterinary
- Fracture Fixation, Internal / methods
- Fracture Fixation, Internal / veterinary
- Horses / surgery
- Metacarpus / surgery
- Random Allocation
- Stress, Mechanical
- Time Factors
Citations
This article has been cited 4 times.- Grzeskowiak RM, Schumacher J, Dhar MS, Harper DP, Mulon PY, Anderson DE. Bone and Cartilage Interfaces With Orthopedic Implants: A Literature Review. Front Surg 2020;7:601244.
- Grzeskowiak RM, Freeman LR, Harper DP, Anderson DE, Mulon PY. Effect of cyclic loading on the stability of screws placed in the locking plates used to bridge segmental bone defects. J Orthop Res 2021 Mar;39(3):516-524.
- Grzeskowiak RM, Wheeler C, Taylor E, Lillich J, Roush J, Biris AS, Anderson DE. Biomechanical evaluation of peak reverse torque (PRT) in a dynamic compression plate-screw construct used in a goat tibia segmental defect model. BMC Vet Res 2019 Sep 5;15(1):321.
- Fakhouri SF, Shimano MM, de Araújo CA, Defino HL, Shimano AC. Analysis of stress induced by screws in the vertebral fixation system. Acta Ortop Bras 2014;22(1):17-20.
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