Comparison of prevalence factors in horses with and without seropositivity to Neospora hughesi and/or Sarcocystis neurona.

The research investigates the prevalence factors impacting horses’ susceptibility to either Neospora hughesi or Sarcocystis neurona, the culprits behind a widespread neurological disease among horses in North America. Over 3000 horses from all across the United States were involved in the study and it was found that geographical location, month of submission and breed were significantly associated with their serological status.

Overview of the Study

• This study was conducted to compare different prevalence factors among horses that tested positive or negative for Neospora hughesi and/or Sarcocystis neurona, both of which are responsible for a prevalent neurological disease in horses across North America named equine protozoal myeloencephalitis.
• A large sample of 3123 submissions were included in the study, collected from horses spanning 49 States. This wide-spread collection aimed to give a comprehensive look at the prevalence and influencing factors nation-wide.

Research Findings

• Out of the whole sample, 38 horses tested seropositive (presence of antibodies against a particular antigen) for N. hughesi only. These horses were from 21 different States.
• 840 horses from 40 States tested seropositive for S. neurona only, indicating a more widespread presence of this protozoa.
• 25 horses from 14 different States were found seropositive for both N. hughesi and S. neurona, suggesting co-infection can also occur in some cases.
• Remaining 2220 horses from 49 States tested seronegative for both protozoa, indicating no infection with these parasites.

Key Associations Found

• The study found significant associations between geographical location (State) and the serological status. This indicates that certain locations might be more conducive for the prevalence of these infections.
• Breed of the horse was another factor found to be significantly associated with serological status, implying that some breeds may have differing susceptibilities to these infections.
• The month of submission was also a factor significantly linked with serological status, suggesting possible seasonal patterns affecting the prevalence rates.