FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 10000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Veterinary surgery : VS2021; 50(5); 990-998; doi: 10.1111/vsu.13627

Comparison of sedation quality and safety of detomidine and romifidine as a continuous rate infusion for standing elective laparoscopic ovariectomy in mares.

Abstract: To compare efficacy and safety of a continuous rate infusion of detomidine hydrochloride and romifidine hydrochloride for standing elective bilateral laparoscopic ovariectomy in mares. Methods: Blinded, randomized prospective clinical study. Methods: Eighteen healthy mares presenting for elective bilateral ovariectomy METHODS: Mares were randomly assigned to one of two sedation protocols. Prior to surgery, baseline head height, heart rate, respiratory rate, and postural sway were recorded. An IV loading dose of α2-agonist (46 μg/kg romifidine or 13.9 μg/kg detomidine) was administered. Standing sedation was maintained with a continuous rate infusion of the respective α2-agonist (126 μg/kg/h romifidine or 37.8 μg/kg/h detomidine). Intraoperative measurements included respiratory rate, heart rate, head height, postural sway, and response to surgical stimulus. Postoperatively, fecal output was recorded, and pain scoring was performed using composite pain score and visual analog scales. Results: Three of 18 horses required additional α-2 agonists: one detomidine and two romifidine and butorphanol. Head height during surgery was lower (p < .001) in mares receiving detomidine. Postural sway around the vertical axis was greater in mares sedated with detomidine rather than romifidine (p = .013). No differences were detected in intraoperative heart rate, postoperative pain scores or postoperative fecal output between sedation techniques. Conclusions: Comparable scores for surgical stimulation and sedation were measured in both sedation groups. No differences in postoperative analgesia or manure production were identified. Conclusions: Romifidine appears suitable as an alternative to detomidine and may limit ataxia and head drop in sedated horses.
© 2021 American College of Veterinary Surgeons.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2021-04-01 PubMed ID: 33797093DOI: 10.1111/vsu.13627Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Journal Article
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Veterinary

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article explores the efficacy and safety of using detomidine hydrochloride and romifidine hydrochloride as continuous rate infusions for standing elective bilateral laparoscopic ovariectomy in mares. The study concludes that both sedation methods perform comparably, with no notable differences in postoperative analgesia or fecal output. However, mares sedated with romifidine had less postural sway and head drop, suggesting it may be a suitable alternative to detomidine.

Objective and Methodology

  • The aim of this research was to compare the outcomes of using detomidine hydrochloride and romifidine hydrochloride as continuous rate infusions for standing elective bilateral laparoscopic ovariectomy in mares.
  • The study was designed as a blinded, randomized prospective clinical trial. Eighteen healthy mares were selected, all of which were scheduled for a laparoscopic ovariectomy.
  • Each mare was randomly assigned to one of two sedation protocols: either detomidine hydrochloride or romifidine hydrochloride.
  • Various parameters including head height, heart rate, respiratory rate, and postural sway were measured before surgery, and during the procedure while maintaining the sedation at a continuous rate.
  • The study also included monitoring the mares’ reactions to surgical stimuli, including respiratory and heart rates, head height, postural sway, as well as fecal output and pain scores postoperatively.

Results of the Study

  • It was observed that three out of eighteen horses required additional doses of α-2 agonists: one from the detomidine group and two from the romifidine group.
  • Mares receiving detomidine had lower head height during surgery when compared to those receiving romifidine. It was also found that postural sway around the vertical axis was greater in mares receiving detomidine.
  • Both sedation techniques were comparable in terms of intraoperative heart rate, postoperative pain scores, and postoperative fecal output.
  • Responses to surgical stimuli were similar in both groups of mares sedated with either detomidine or romifidine.

Conclusions Derived from the Study

  • There were no significant differences in postoperative analgesia or manure production between the mares in both sedation groups.
  • Given the distracting challenge of ataxia or severe head drop during the surgery, the study proposes that romifidine could be a preferred alternative to detomidine due to its tendency to limit these issues in sedated horses.
  • Despite the minor differences observed during sedation, both drugs showed similar efficacy and safety for the purpose of the study.

Cite This Article

APA
Lawless SP, Moorman VJ, Hendrickson DA, Mama KR. (2021). Comparison of sedation quality and safety of detomidine and romifidine as a continuous rate infusion for standing elective laparoscopic ovariectomy in mares. Vet Surg, 50(5), 990-998. https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.13627

Publication

Veterinary surgery : VS
ISSN: 1532-950X
NlmUniqueID: 8113214
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 50
Issue: 5
Pages: 990-998

Researcher Affiliations

Lawless, Shauna P
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Moorman, Valerie J
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Hendrickson, Dean A
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Mama, Khursheed R
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.

MeSH Terms

  • Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists / administration & dosage
  • Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists / pharmacology
  • Anesthesia / veterinary
  • Animals
  • Butorphanol / administration & dosage
  • Butorphanol / pharmacology
  • Female
  • Heart Rate / drug effects
  • Horses / surgery
  • Hypnotics and Sedatives / administration & dosage
  • Hypnotics and Sedatives / pharmacology
  • Imidazoles / administration & dosage
  • Imidazoles / pharmacology
  • Infusions, Intravenous / veterinary
  • Laparoscopy / veterinary
  • Ovariectomy / methods
  • Ovariectomy / veterinary
  • Pain / veterinary
  • Prospective Studies

References

This article includes 35 references
  1. Röcken M, Mosel G, Seyrek-Intas K. Unilateral and bilateral laparoscopic ovariectomy in 157 mares: a retrospective multicenter study. Vet Surg 2011;40:1009-1014.
  2. Colbath AC, Hackett ES, Lesser CS, Hendrickson DA. Left paralumbar laparoscopic bilateral ovariectomy in mares. Vet Surg 2017;46:574-579.
  3. Hendrickson D. Laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy and ovariectomy in horses. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2006;22:777-798.
  4. Ragle CA, Schneider RK. Ventral abdominal approach for laparoscopic ovariectomy in horses. Vet Surg 1995;24:492-497.
  5. Hooper RN, Taylor TS, Varner DD, Blanchard TL. Effects of bilateral ovariectomy via colpotomy in mares: 23 cases (1984-1990). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1993;203:1043-1046.
  6. Smith SE, Devine DV. Hand-assisted laparoscopic ovariectomy and colpotomy in standing mares. Vet Surg 2013;42:586-590.
  7. Tate LP Jr, Fogle CA, Bailey CS, Tate KB, Davis JW. Laparoscopic-assisted colpotomy for ovariectomy in the mare. Vet Surg 2012;41:625-628.
  8. Goodin JT, Rodgerson DH, Gomez JH. Standing hand-assisted laparoscopic ovareictomy in 65 mares. Vet Surg 2011;40:90-92.
  9. van Hoogmoed LM, Galuppo LD. Laparoscopic ovariectomy using the endo-GIA stapling device and endo-catch pouches and evaluation of analgesic efficacy of epidural morphin sulfate in 10 mares. Vet Surg 2005;34:646-650.
  10. Virgin J, Hendrickson DA, Wallis T, Rao S. Comparison of intraoperative behavioral and hormonal responses to noxious stimuli between mares sedated with caudal epidural detomidine hydrochloride or a continuous intravenous infusion of detomidine hydrochloride for standing laparoscopic ovariectomy. Vet Surg 2010;39:754-760.
  11. Marly C, Bettschart-Wolfensberger R, Nussbaumer P, Moine S, Ringer S. Evaluation of a romifidine constant rate infusion protocol with or without butorphanol for dentistry and ophthalmologic procedures in standing horses. Vet Anaesth Analg 2014;41:491-497.
  12. Hamm D, Turchi P, Jochle W. Sedative and analgesic effects of detomidine and romifidine in horses. Vet Rec 1995;136:324-327.
  13. Rohrbach H, Korpivaara T, Schatzmann U, Spadavecchia C. Comparison of the effects of the alpha-2 agonists detomidine, romifidine and xylazine on nociceptive withdrawal reflex and temporal summation in horses. Vet Anesth Analg 2009;36(4):384-395.
  14. Zullian C, Menozzi A, Pozzoli C, Poli E, Bertini S. Effects of α2-adrenergic drugs on small intestinal motility in the horse: an in vitro study. Vet J 2011;187:342-346.
  15. Mama KR, Grimsrud K, Snell T, Stanley S. Plasma concentrations, behavioral and physiological effects following intravenous and intramuscular detomidine in horses. Equine Vet J 2009;41:772-777.
  16. Cenani A, Brosnan RJ, Madigan S, Kynch HK, Madigan JE. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravneous romifidine and propranolol administration alone or in combination for equine sedation. Vet Anesth Analg 2017;44:86-97.
  17. Grimsrud KN, Mama KR, Thomasy SM, Stanley SD. Pharmacokinetics of detomidine and its metabolites following intravenous and intramuscular administration in horses. Equine Vet J 2009;41:361-365.
  18. Moorman VJ, Kawcak CE, King MR. Evaluation of a portable media device to determine postural stability in the horse during quiet standing. Am J Vet Res 2017;78:1036-1042.
  19. Farstvedt EG, Hendrickson DA. Intraoperative pain responses following intraovarian versus mesovarian injection of lidocaine in mares undergoing laparoscopic ovariectomy. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2005;227:593-596.
  20. Hielm-Bjorkman AK, Kapatkin AS, Rita HJ. Reliability and validity of a visual analogue scale used by owners to measure chronic pain attributable to osteoarthritis in their dogs. Am J Vet Res 2011;72:601-607.
  21. Hudson JT, Slater MR, Taylor L, Scott HM, Kerwin SC. Assessing repeatability and validity of a visual analogue scale questionnaire for use in assessing pain and lameness in dogs. Am J Vet Res 2004;65:1634-1643.
  22. Powel CV, Kelly AM, Williams A. Determining the minimum clinically signficant difference in visual analog pain score for children. Ann Emerg Med 2001;37:28-31.
  23. Kelly AM. The clinically significant difference in visual analog scale pain score does not differ with gender, age or cause of pain. Emerg Med 1998;5:1086-1090.
  24. Bussières G, Jacques C, Lainay O. Development of a composite orthopaedic pain scale in horses. Res Vet Sci 2008;85:294-306.
  25. Devick IF, Leise BS, Rao D, Hendrickson DA. Evaluation of postoperative pain after active desufflation at completion of laparoscopy in mares undergoing ovariectomy. Can Vet J 2018;59:261-266.
  26. Portier KG, Jaillardon L, Leece EA, Walsh CM. Castration of horses under total intravenous anesthesia: analgesic effects of lidocaine. Vet Anesth Analg 2009;36:173-179.
  27. Larenza MP, Ringer SK, Kutter APN. Evaluation of anesthesia recovery quality after low-dose racemic or S-ketamine infusions during anesthesia with isoflurane in horses. Am J Vet Res 2009;70:710-718.
  28. Jöchle W. Field trial evaluation of detomidine as a sedative and analgesic in horses with colic. Equine Vet J 1989;21:117-120.
  29. LeMoyne R, Mastroianni T. Implementation of a smartphone as a wireless gyroscope application for the quantification of reflex response. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2014;3654-3657.
    doi: 10.1109/embc.2014.6944415google scholar: lookup
  30. LeMoyne R, Mastroianni T. Implementation of a smartphone as a wireless gyroscope platform for quantifying reduced arm swing in hemiplegic gait with machine learning classification by multilayer perceptron neural network. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2016;2626-2630.
    doi: 10.1109/embc.2016.7591269google scholar: lookup
  31. Wu W, Dasgupta S, Ramirez EE, Peterson C, Norman GJ. Classification accuracies of physical activities using smartphone motion sensors. J Med Internet Res 2012;14:e130.
    doi: 10.2196/jmir.2208google scholar: lookup
  32. Kamerling SG, Cravens WMT, Bagwell CA. Objective assessment of detomidine-induced analgesia and sedation in the horse. Eur J Pharmacol 1988;151:1-8.
  33. Wojtasiak-Wypart M, Soma LR, Rudy JA, Uboh CE, Boston RC, Driessen B. Pharmacokinetic profile and pharmacodynamics effects of romifidine hydrochloride in the horse. J Vet Pharmacol Therap 2012;35:478-488.
  34. Moorman VJ, Bass L, King MR. Evaluation of the effects of commonly used α2-adrenergic receptor agonists alone and in combination with butorphanol tartrate on objective measurements of lameness in horses. Am J Vet Res 2019;80:868-877.
  35. Dalla Costa E, Minero M, Lebelt D, Stucke D, Canali E, Leach MC. Development of the horse grimace scale (HGS) as a pain assessment tool in horses undergoing routine castration. PLos One 2014;9:e92281.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092281google scholar: lookup

Citations

This article has been cited 2 times.
  1. Vullo C, Gugliandolo E, Biondi V, Biffarella M, Catone G, Tambella AM. Comparison of Detomidine or Romifidine in Combination with Morphine for Standing Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Horses. Vet Sci 2024 Mar 8;11(3).
    doi: 10.3390/vetsci11030124pubmed: 38535858google scholar: lookup
  2. Straticò P, Guerri G, Palozzo A, Varasano V, Petrizzi L. Current Use of Equine Laparoscopy in Urogenital Disorders: A Scoping Review of the Literature from 2000 to 2021. Vet Sci 2022 Jan 22;9(2).
    doi: 10.3390/vetsci9020041pubmed: 35202295google scholar: lookup
Subscribe to our newsletter
Join 99,658 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.