Comparison of the efficacy of ivermectin, oxibendazole, and pyrantel pamoate against 28-day Parascaris equorum larvae in the intestine of pony foals.
Abstract: Sixteen helminth-free pony foals were inoculated with a mean (+/- SD) 2,000 (+/- 545.5) infective Parascaris equorum eggs (day 0). Foals were allocated to replicates of 4, and treatments within each replicate were assigned at random. Treatment administered on postinoculation day (PID) 28 included no treatment (control), 0.2 mg of ivermectin/kg of body weight, 10 mg of oxibendazole/kg, or 6.6 mg of pyrantel base (pamoate)/kg. Paste formulations of the anthelmintics were administered orally. The foals were euthanatized 14 days after treatment (PID 42) and examined for P equorum larvae in the small intestine. The mean +/- SD (and range) numbers of fourth-stage P equorum larvae recovered from nontreated foals and those treated with ivermectin, pyrantel, or oxibendazole were 1,603.8 +/- 1,026.8 (305 to 2,480), 29.3 +/- 55.8 (0 to 113), 413.0 +/- 568.1 (0 to 1,204), or 889.5 +/- 1,123.1 (1 to 2,345), respectively. Compared with the value for control (nontreated) foals, treatment with ivermectin, pyrantel, and oxibendazole was 98.2, 74.2, and 44.5% effective, respectively, when administered 28 days after experimentally induced infection with P equorum. Adverse reactions attributable to treatment were not observed.
Publication Date: 1991-06-11 PubMed ID: 1874672
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- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research paper investigates the effectiveness of three drugs (ivermectin, oxibendazole, and pyrantel pamoate) against a parasite in ponies. The results showed that ivermectin was the most effective drug, followed by pyrantel and then oxibendazole.
Study Design
- The authors used a controlled experimental setup involving 16 ponies that were free of helminths (parasitic worms).
- Each pony was given approximately 2000 eggs of the parasite Parascaris equorum.
- The ponies were then divided into four groups, each with different treatments: a control group with no treatment, and the rest treated with ivermectin, oxibendazole, or pyrantel pamoate.
- These medications were administered orally 28 days after the ponies were exposed to the parasite.
Outcomes and Findings
- The animals were euthanized 14 days after treatment, and their small intestines were examined for the presence of the parasite’s larvae.
- The researchers found that the ponies from the control group had the highest number of larvae, while the ones from the ivermectin-treated group had the least number of larvae.
- When compared to the control group, ivermectin was found to be 98.2% effective, pyrantel 74.2% effective, and oxibendazole 44.5% effective against the parasites.
- There were no observed adverse reactions attributable to the treatments.
Conclusion
- The research concluded that ivermectin, oxibendazole, and pyrantel pamoate can all be used to treat P equorum infection in ponies, with varying degrees of effectiveness.
- Importantly, ivermectin was the most effective of the three tested drugs.
- This outcome may guide further research into treatments for similar infections, as well as inform veterinary therapeutic strategies for parasitic infections in equine species.
Cite This Article
APA
Austin SM, DiPietro JA, Foreman JH, Baker GJ, Todd KS.
(1991).
Comparison of the efficacy of ivermectin, oxibendazole, and pyrantel pamoate against 28-day Parascaris equorum larvae in the intestine of pony foals.
J Am Vet Med Assoc, 198(11), 1946-1949.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 61801.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Anthelmintics / pharmacology
- Anthelmintics / therapeutic use
- Ascaridoidea / drug effects
- Benzimidazoles / pharmacology
- Benzimidazoles / therapeutic use
- Female
- Horse Diseases / drug therapy
- Horses
- Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic / drug therapy
- Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic / veterinary
- Ivermectin / pharmacology
- Ivermectin / therapeutic use
- Larva / drug effects
- Male
- Nematode Infections / drug therapy
- Nematode Infections / veterinary
- Pyrantel Pamoate / pharmacology
- Pyrantel Pamoate / therapeutic use
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Reinemeyer CR. Diagnosis and control of anthelmintic-resistant Parascaris equorum.. Parasit Vectors 2009 Sep 25;2 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):S8.
- Mackenstedt U, Schmidt S, Mehlhorn H, Stoye M, Traeder W. Effects of pyrantel pamoate on adult and preadult Toxocara canis worms: an electron microscope and autoradiography study.. Parasitol Res 1993;79(7):567-78.
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