Comparison of three methods of tonometry in horses presented for ophthalmic disease.
Abstract: To compare the measurement of intraocular pressure in horses with clinical ocular disease using three tonometry devices. Conclusions: All three tonometers showed strong agreement, however, the TonoVet and the TonoVet Plus carried the strongest agreement with the TonoVet Plus having slightly higher measurements overall compared with the TonoVet. Due to small variations between devices, it is recommended that the same device be used for serial measurements of intraocular pressure. However, all three devices are appropriate to use in horses presented for ophthalmic evaluation.
© 2023 American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists.
Publication Date: 2023-08-01 PubMed ID: 37525593DOI: 10.1111/vop.13135Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Animal Health
- Clinical Examination
- Clinical Findings
- Clinical Pathology
- Clinical Study
- Comparative Study
- Diagnosis
- Diagnostic Technique
- Disease Diagnosis
- Disease Treatment
- Equine Diseases
- Equine Health
- Equine Science
- Horses
- In Vivo
- Medical Device
- Ophthalmology
- Veterinary Medicine
- Veterinary Practice
- Veterinary Procedure
- Veterinary Research
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
Objective:
The study aimed to compare three different devices (tonometers) that measure the pressure inside the eye (intraocular pressure) in horses that have eye-related diseases.
Animals Studied:
Fifty horses, which were brought to the New Bolton Center Ophthalmology Service for eye check-ups, were included in the study.
Procedure:
- The pressure inside the eyes of these 50 horses was measured using three tonometers: TonoVet, TonoVet Plus, and Tono-Pen Avia.
- To ensure accuracy during the measurement, the horses’ eyelids were temporarily numbed (auriculopalpebral blocks), but the horses were not sedated.
Results:
- All three devices showed very similar (strong agreement) measurements.
- The two devices with the most similar readings were the TonoVet and the TonoVet Plus. On average, the TonoVet gave readings that were 1.330 mmHg lower than the TonoVet Plus.
- The next closest in agreement were the TonoVet and the Tono-Pen Avia Vet. Here, the TonoVet’s readings were on average 2.531 mmHg higher than the Tono-Pen Avia Vet.
- The devices with the most difference in readings were the TonoVet Plus and the Tono-Pen Avia. The TonoVet Plus gave readings that were on average 3.854 mmHg higher than the Tono-Pen Avia.
Conclusions:
- All three devices are reliable and show similar measurements, with the TonoVet and TonoVet Plus being the most similar.
- The TonoVet Plus generally gives slightly higher pressure readings than the TonoVet.
- Because there are small differences in readings between the devices, for consistency, it’s recommended to use the same device when taking multiple measurements over time.
- All three devices can be confidently used for checking the eyes of horses.
In simpler terms, the study found that while all three devices are good for measuring eye pressure in horses, the TonoVet and TonoVet Plus are the most alike. It’s best to stick with one device for repeated measurements to ensure consistency.
Cite This Article
APA
Latham E, Scherrer NM, Stefanovski D.
(2023).
Comparison of three methods of tonometry in horses presented for ophthalmic disease.
Vet Ophthalmol.
https://doi.org/10.1111/vop.13135 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA.
- New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA.
- New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA.
References
This article includes 13 references
- Maggs D, Miller P, Ofri R. Slatter's Fundamentals of Veterinary Ophthalmology. 5th ed. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013:98-101.
- Ben-Shlomo G, Muirhead SF. Estimation of intraocular pressure in normal canine eyes utilizing the newly introduced TonoVet plus and TonoPen Avia, and their comparison to the established TonoVet. Vet Ophthalmol 2020;24:1-4.
- Lewin AC, Liu C-C, Camacho-Luna P, Alling C, Carter RT. Inter-user and intra-user variation of two tonometers in horses. Equine Vet J 2020;52:572-576.
- von Spiessen L, Karck J, Roh K, Meyer-Lindenberg A. Clinical comparison of the TonoVet rebound tonometer and the Tono-pen vet applanation tonometer in dogs and cats with ocular disease: glaucoma or corneal pathology. Vet Ophthalmol 2015;18:20-27.
- Knollinger A, La Croix N, Barrett P, Miller P. Evaluation of a rebound tonometer for measuring intraocular pressure in dogs and horses. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2005;227:244-248.
- Minella AL, Kiland JA, Gloe S, McLellan GJ. Validation and comparison of four handheld tonometers in normal ex vivo canine eyes. Vet Ophthalmol 2020;00:1-9.
- Komáromy A, Garg C, Ying G, Liu C. Effect of head position on intraocular pressure in horses. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2006;229:103.
- Allbaugh R, Keil S, Ou Z, Bello N. Intraocular pressure changes in equine athletes during endurance competitions. Vet Ophthalmol 2014;17:154-159.
- Diehl K, Bowden AC. Effect of auriculopalpebral nerve block on equine intraocular pressure measured by rebound tonometry (TonoVet®). Vet Ophthalmol 2020;23:368-373.
- Mustikka M, Pietilä E, Mykkänen A, Grönthal T. Comparison of two rebound tonometers in healthy horses. Vet Ophthalmol 2020;23:892-898.
- Angeluci GC, Ricci CL, Passareli JVGC. Comparison of four tonometers in the measurement of intraocular pressure in healthy horses. Equine Vet J 2022.
- Bland JM, Altman DG. Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet 1986;I:307-310.
- Shim J, Kang S, Park Y. Comparative intraocular pressure measurements using three different rebound tonometers through in an ex vivo analysis and clinical trials in canine eyes. Vet Ophthalmol 2020;24:1-8.
Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Kovalcuka L, Mālniece A, Vanaga J. Comparison of Tonovet® and Tonovet plus® tonometers for measuring intraocular pressure in dogs, cats, horses, cattle, and sheep. Vet World 2024 Feb;17(2):384-388.
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