Comparison of two blood sampling techniques for the determination of coagulation parameters in the horse: Jugular venipuncture and indwelling intravenous catheter.
Abstract: Evaluation of coagulation status is an important component of critical care. Ongoing monitoring of coagulation status in hospitalised horses has previously been via serial venipuncture due to concerns that sampling directly from the intravenous catheter (IVC) may alter the accuracy of the results. Adverse effects such as patient anxiety and trauma to the sampled vessel could be avoided by the use of an indwelling IVC for repeat blood sampling. Objective: To compare coagulation parameters from blood obtained by jugular venipuncture with IVC sampling in critically ill horses. Methods: Prospective observational study. Methods: A single set of paired blood samples were obtained from horses (n = 55) admitted to an intensive care unit by direct jugular venipuncture and, following removal of a presample, via an indwelling IVC. The following coagulation parameters were measured on venipuncture and IVC samples: whole blood prothrombin time (PT), fresh plasma PT and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and stored plasma antithrombin activity (AT) and fibrinogen concentration. D-dimer concentration was also measured in some horses (n = 22). Comparison of venipuncture and IVC results was performed using Lin's concordance correlation coefficient. Agreement between paired results was assessed using Bland Altman analysis. Results: Correlation was substantial and agreement was good between sample methods for all parameters except AT and D-dimers. Conclusions: Each coagulation parameter was tested using only one assay. Sampling was limited to a convenience sample and timing of sample collection was not standardised in relation to when the catheter was flushed with heparinised saline. Conclusions: With the exception of AT and D-dimers, coagulation parameters measured on blood samples obtained via an IVC have clinically equivalent values to those obtained by jugular venipuncture.
© 2017 EVJ Ltd.
Publication Date: 2017-11-02 PubMed ID: 28976034DOI: 10.1111/evj.12764Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Adverse Effects
- Anxiety
- Blood Analysis
- Clinical Findings
- Clinical Pathology
- Clinical Study
- Coagulation
- Comparative Study
- Correlation Analysis
- Diagnosis
- Diagnostic Technique
- Disease Diagnosis
- Equine Health
- Hemostasis
- Horses
- Hospitalization
- Intravenous Administration
- Observational Study
- Regression Analysis
- Veterinary Medicine
- Veterinary Practice
Summary
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The research article compared the effectiveness of two methods of obtaining blood samples for testing coagulation parameters in horses: direct jugular venipuncture and intravenous catheter (IVC). The study concluded that, except for antithrombin activity (AT) and D-dimers, all other coagulation parameters tested on blood obtained through IVC had clinically similar results as those obtained through jugular venipuncture.
Research Methodology
- The research was a prospective observational study, where paired blood samples were taken from 55 critically ill horses admitted to an intensive care unit.
- One blood sample was retrieved via direct jugular venipuncture, and the other, upon the removal of a pre-sample, was gotten through an indwelling intravenous catheter (IVC).
- Both samples were then tested for the following coagulation parameters: whole blood prothrombin time (PT), fresh plasma PT, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), stored plasma antithrombin activity (AT), and fibrinogen concentration. Additionally, D-dimer concentration was also tested in some horses (22).
Results of the Study
- A correlation study was conducted using Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient to compare the results from both the venipuncture and IVC methods.
- Agreement between the paired results was assessed using Bland Altman analysis.
- The results showed high correlation and agreement between the two methods for all parameters except AT and D-dimers.
Limitations and Conclusion
- The study only tested each coagulation parameter with one assay and utilized a convenience sample.
- The timing of sample collection was not standardized in relation to when the catheter was flushed with heparinised saline, which may have influenced results.
- Despite these limitations, the study concluded that with the exception of Antithrombin (AT) and D-dimers, the coagulation parameters measured from blood samples obtained via an IVC have clinically equivalent values to those obtained by jugular venipuncture, suggesting IVC could be a viable method of blood sampling in horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Mackenzie CJ, McGowan CM, Pinchbeck G, Carslake HB.
(2017).
Comparison of two blood sampling techniques for the determination of coagulation parameters in the horse: Jugular venipuncture and indwelling intravenous catheter.
Equine Vet J, 50(3), 333-338.
https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.12764 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Equine Clinical Science, University of Liverpool, Institute of Veterinary Science, Neston, Cheshire, UK.
- Department of Equine Clinical Science, University of Liverpool, Institute of Veterinary Science, Neston, Cheshire, UK.
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, University of Liverpool, Institute of Infection and Global Health, Neston, Cheshire, UK.
- Department of Equine Clinical Science, University of Liverpool, Institute of Veterinary Science, Neston, Cheshire, UK.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Blood Coagulation / physiology
- Catheters, Indwelling / veterinary
- Female
- Horses / blood
- Male
- Phlebotomy / veterinary
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Lalthanthuami HT, Kumari MJ, Venkateswaran R, Lakshmi PR, Ramamoorthy L. Performance of 3 mL versus 5 mL Discarded Volume for Blood Sampling from Central Venous Access Device. J Lab Physicians 2021 Jun;13(2):112-117.
- Silva G, Queiroga FL, Cruz Z, Maia A, Silvestre-Ferreira AC. Coagulation Profile of the Healthy Miranda's Donkey. Animals (Basel) 2024 Jul 10;14(14).
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