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Home / Equine Research Bank / Vet Sci / Comparison of Xylazine and Lidocaine Infusion versus Medetom...
Veterinary sciences2024; 11(5); doi: 10.3390/vetsci11050196

Comparison of Xylazine and Lidocaine Infusion versus Medetomidine Continuous Rate Infusion during General Anesthesia with Isoflurane in Horses Undergoing Emergency Laparotomy.

Abstract: (1) The main goals of general anesthesia include pain management and a safe anesthetic protocol for smooth recovery. In this retrospective study, we compared two anesthetic protocols for general anesthesia with isoflurane during emergency laparotomy: sedation with xylazine and the intraoperative infusion of lidocaine (X group) versus medetomidine as a preoperative sedation and intraoperative infusion (M group). (2) The medical records of horses who underwent emergency laparotomies between 2016 and 2023 were reviewed. According to the anesthetic protocol, patients were allocated to the X or M groups. Data about the horse, signalment, history, and anesthetic variables were analyzed. (3) Group X had a significantly higher heart rate (HR), lower respiratory rate (RR) and mean and diastolic arterial pressure (MAP/DAP). A progressive increase in HR and RR was observed in both groups. Group X underwent a decrease in RR and an increase in DAP. In Group M, a decrease in MAP and DAP was observed. Group M exhibited a longer recovery time with similar recovery scores. Both protocols provided safe anesthesia for emergency laparotomy, with minor cardiovascular and respiratory depression. Minor respiratory depression was detected when xylazine was used, while recovery was longer with medetomidine.
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Publication Date: 2024-04-29 PubMed ID: 38787168PubMed Central: PMC11125707DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11050196Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article provides a comparative study between the use of xylazine and lidocaine infusion versus medetomidine continuous rate infusion during general anesthesia with isoflurane in horses undergoing emergency laparotomy. The findings indicate that while both methods achieved generally safe anesthesia, they affected the cardiovascular and respiratory systems of the horses differently.

Research Methodology

  • The study was carried out retrospectively by reviewing medical records of horses that underwent emergency laparotomies between 2016 and 2023. This helps in deriving objectively verifiable data.
  • Depending on the anesthetic protocol used, the horses were grouped into the X or M groups. X group were horses sedated with xylazine and had an intraoperative infusion of lidocaine. The M group of horses were given a preoperative sedation and intraoperative infusion of medetomidine.
  • Information about the horse, signalment, history, and anesthetic variables were scrutinized and analyzed to ascertain the effects of both protocols.

Findings

  • The xylazine and lidocaine protocol (group X) resulted in a significantly higher heart rate, lower respiratory rate and lower mean and diastolic arterial pressure in horses during the procedure.
  • On the other hand, the group sedated with medetomidine (group M) exhibited longer recovery times, but with similar recovery scores as the X group.
  • Both groups experienced progressive increase in heart rate and respiratory rate over the course of the procedures, but the increases were more pronounced in group X.
  • In the X group, there was a decrease in respiratory rate and an increase in diastolic arterial pressure as the procedure continued.
  • In the M group, both mean arterial pressure and diastolic arterial pressure decreased steadily during the procedure.

Conclusion

  • While both protocols were deemed safe for use in emergency laparotomy in horses, they differed in their effects on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.
  • Minor respiratory depression was detected in the horses when xylazine was used. Additionally, recovery times were longer when medetomidine was administered.
  • The findings of the study can guide veterinarians in making an informed choice between the two protocols based on the specific needs and conditions of their equine patients.

Cite This Article

APA
Straticò P, Guerri G, Bandera L, Celani G, Di Nunzio L, Petrizzi L, Varasano V. (2024). Comparison of Xylazine and Lidocaine Infusion versus Medetomidine Continuous Rate Infusion during General Anesthesia with Isoflurane in Horses Undergoing Emergency Laparotomy. Vet Sci, 11(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11050196

Publication

Veterinary sciences
ISSN: 2306-7381
NlmUniqueID: 101680127
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 11
Issue: 5

Researcher Affiliations

Straticò, Paola
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
Guerri, Giulia
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
Bandera, Lorenza
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
Celani, Gianluca
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
Di Nunzio, Laura
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
Petrizzi, Lucio
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
Varasano, Vincenzo
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy.

Grant Funding

  • C43C22000380007 / Next Generation EU. Project Code: ECS00000041, Project Title: Innovation, digitalization, and sustainability for the diffused economy in Central Italy-VITALITY

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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