Contribution of cooperativity and the Bohr effect to efficient oxygen transport by hemoglobins from five mammalian species.
Abstract: By using published experimental values of the standard oxygen (O2) equilibrium curve and the in vivo arterial and venous O2 pressure (PO2) of fetal and maternal blood in five mammalian species (human, cow, pig, sheep, and horse), we investigated the relationship between the efficiency of O2 delivery and the effectiveness of the Bohr shift, and discussed the significance of cooperativity for mammalian Hb. The O2 delivery of fetal blood was more efficient than that of maternal blood, and the effectiveness of the Bohr shift at both O2 loading and release sites of fetal blood was high. A linear relationship was observed between the efficiency of O2 delivery and the effectiveness of the Bohr shift at O2 loading sites of the five mammalian species. In both fetal and maternal blood, the theoretically obtained optimal P50 value for O2 delivery (optP50(OD)) was nearly equal to the optimal P50 value for the effectiveness of the Bohr shift at the O2 loading site (optP50(BS)(loading)). This phenomenon was favorable for fetal blood to uptake O2 from maternal blood with the aid of the Bohr shift and to deliver a large amount of O2 to the tissues. The optP50s for the effectiveness of the Bohr shift at given arterial PO2 (PaO2) and venous PO2 (PvO2) were derived as follows: optP50(BS)(loading) = PaO2((n+1)/(n-1))(1/n), and optP50(BS)(release) = PvO2((n+1)/(n-1))(1/n). The relationship between in vivo PO2s and n, PaO2/PvO2 = ((n+1)/(n-1))(2/n), was derived by letting optP50 for the efficiency of O2 delivery be equal to that for the effectiveness of the Bohr shift.
Publication Date: 2006-03-21 PubMed ID: 16547405DOI: 10.2108/zsj.23.49Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The research examines the relationship between the efficiency of oxygen delivery and the effectiveness of the Bohr shift in five types of mammals. It finds that the oxygen delivery in fetal blood is more efficient than in maternal blood and that there is a direct relationship between Bohr shift effectiveness and oxygen delivery efficiency.
Understanding the Research
- The researchers used experimental values for the standard oxygen equilibrium curve and in vivo arterial and venous O2 pressures from human, cow, pig, sheep, and horse studies.
- They investigated the relationship between oxygen (O2) delivery efficiency and the effectiveness of the physiological phenomenon known as the Bohr shift.
- This study adds to our understanding of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues, and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs.
Key Findings
- Oxygen delivery in the blood of fetuses is more efficient than in the blood of the mother.
- The Bohr shift is very effective in both loading and release sites in fetal blood.
- The efficiency of oxygen delivery directly correlates with the effectiveness of the Bohr phenomenon.
Significance of the Research
- Understanding how oxygen is delivered is critical to comprehending various mammal species’ physiology and their ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions.
- The results of this research can be used to develop better treatment strategies for conditions related to impaired oxygen transport, such as anemia and certain types of heart disease.
- The research also finds that the optimal P50 value for oxygen delivery was nearly equal to the optimal P50 value for the effectiveness of the Bohr shift at the O2 loading site, demonstrating synchronization between oxygen delivery and the Bohr shift.
Implications
- This scientific understanding of oxygen transport mechanisms might be essential for improvements in relevant medical treatments, such as developing improved oxygen-carrier replacement therapies.
- Your understanding of these mechanisms could also aid in predictive modeling of physiological responses to changes in oxygen availability due to changes in altitude or other environmental changes.
Cite This Article
APA
Zhang Y, Kobayashi K, Kitazawa K, Imai K, Kobayashi M.
(2006).
Contribution of cooperativity and the Bohr effect to efficient oxygen transport by hemoglobins from five mammalian species.
Zoolog Sci, 23(1), 49-55.
https://doi.org/10.2108/zsj.23.49 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Area Under Curve
- Biological Transport
- Cattle
- Female
- Fetal Blood / chemistry
- Fetal Blood / metabolism
- Hemoglobins / chemistry
- Hemoglobins / metabolism
- Horses
- Humans
- Mammals / blood
- Mammals / metabolism
- Mammals / physiology
- Maternal-Fetal Exchange
- Oxygen / blood
- Oxygen / chemistry
- Partial Pressure
- Pregnancy
- Sheep
- Species Specificity
- Swine
Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Fry BC, Edwards A, Sgouralis I, Layton AT. Impact of renal medullary three-dimensional architecture on oxygen transport.. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2014 Aug 1;307(3):F263-72.
- Chen J, Edwards A, Layton AT. Effects of pH and medullary blood flow on oxygen transport and sodium reabsorption in the rat outer medulla.. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2010 Jun;298(6):F1369-83.
- Milo R, Hou JH, Springer M, Brenner MP, Kirschner MW. The relationship between evolutionary and physiological variation in hemoglobin.. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007 Oct 23;104(43):16998-7003.
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