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Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2024; 14(5); doi: 10.3390/ani14050758

Current Understanding of Equine Gut Dysbiosis and Microbiota Manipulation Techniques: Comparison with Current Knowledge in Other Species.

Abstract: Understanding the importance of intestinal microbiota in horses and the factors influencing its composition have been the focus of many studies over the past few years. Factors such as age, diet, antibiotic administration, and geographic location can affect the gut microbiota. The intra- and inter-individual variability of fecal microbiota in horses complicates its interpretation and has hindered the establishment of a clear definition for dysbiosis. Although a definitive causal relationship between gut dysbiosis in horses and diseases has not been clearly identified, recent research suggests that dysbiosis may play a role in the pathogenesis of various conditions, such as colitis and asthma. Prebiotics, probiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation to modulate the horse's gastrointestinal tract may eventually be considered a valuable tool for preventing or treating diseases, such as antibiotic-induced colitis. This article aims to summarize the current knowledge on the importance of intestinal microbiota in horses and factors influencing its composition, and also to review the published literature on methods for detecting dysbiosis while discussing the efficacy of gut microbiota manipulation in horses.
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Publication Date: 2024-02-28 PubMed ID: 38473143PubMed Central: PMC10931082DOI: 10.3390/ani14050758Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The article reviews the current understanding of horses’ intestinal microbiota, its role in various conditions, and the impact of various influencing factors. It also explores effective techniques to manipulate gut microbiota in horses for preventative or therapeutic use.

Importance of Intestinal Microbiota in Horses

The researchers stress the significant role that gut bacteria play in a horse’s overall health and metabolism. The gut microbiota assists in food digestion and absorption, produces vitamins, and competes with harmful bacteria to maintain a healthy gut environment.

  • Various factors, including age, diet, antibiotic use, and geographic location, influence the composition of this microbiota.
  • High variability of fecal microbiota in horses makes it difficult to establish a clear definition for dysbiosis (an imbalance or maladaptation of the gut microbiota).
  • While a clear cause-effect relationship between gut dysbiosis in horses and diseases hasn’t yet been proven, research suggests a potential link between dysbiosis and conditions such as colitis and asthma.

Techniques to Manipulate Gut Microbiota

The article explores several ways to modify a horse’s gut microbiota. The efficacy of these techniques is currently under investigation as promising tools to prevent or treat diseases like antibiotic-induced colitis.

  • Prebiotics, substances that generate beneficial gut bacteria, can be used to influence the composition of the intestinal microbiota.
  • Probiotics, or live bacteria and yeasts, can be administered to horses to positively affect the gut environment.
  • Fecal microbiota transplantation, transferring fecal bacteria from a healthy donor horse to a recipient, is another potential method to restore a balanced gut microbiota.

Future Research Scope

The review emphasizes the need for more research on the microbial ecosystem in a horse’s gut, especially its links to health and disease. It also calls for better techniques to detect dysbiosis and more effective microbiota manipulation methods, which will be invaluable for managing various health conditions in horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Boucher L, Leduc L, Leclère M, Costa MC. (2024). Current Understanding of Equine Gut Dysbiosis and Microbiota Manipulation Techniques: Comparison with Current Knowledge in Other Species. Animals (Basel), 14(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14050758

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 14
Issue: 5

Researcher Affiliations

Boucher, Laurie
  • Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada.
Leduc, Laurence
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada.
Leclère, Mathilde
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada.
Costa, Marcio Carvalho
  • Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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