Cytogenetic monitoring of farm animals under conditions of environmental pollution.
Abstract: Cytogenetic examinations were carried out in 13 cattle farms, two herds of horses, one stag farm and 13 pig farms in areas with different levels of environmental contamination. The frequency of aberrant cells per 100 mitoses was 3.67 +/- 1.89 in pigs (n = 260) and 4.16 +/- 2.4 in herbivores (n = 497). This is a significant difference (p < 0.01). Ten times higher frequencies of chromatid exchanges were found in pigs. The examined herds were classified into three groups by the level of environmental contamination (satisfactory, impaired and severely impaired environment). Significant differences in aberrant cell counts were recorded between the groups of herbivorous animals. Significant differences in pigs were recorded only between herds in satisfactory and severely impaired environments. Significantly higher frequencies of aberrant cells were found in farms of herbivorous animals in the industrial area of Pardubice compared with findings in the South Moravian agricultural area (4.7% and 3.1% respectively). The effect of local contamination sources on farm environment was also investigated. A cattle farm located in the vicinity of a large chemical plant was examined five times at 6-month intervals. An autumn examination revealed significantly higher frequencies of aberrant cells compared with the spring examination.
Publication Date: 1992-11-01 PubMed ID: 1383789DOI: 10.1016/0165-7992(92)90108-tGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
- Animal Health
- Animal Science
- Chromosomes
- Cytology
- Diagnosis
- Disease
- Disease Diagnosis
- Disease Etiology
- Disease Management
- Disease Outbreaks
- Disease Prevalence
- Disease Surveillance
- Disease Treatment
- Environmental Stressors
- Epidemiology
- Equine Health
- Genetics
- Karyotype
- Veterinary Care
- Veterinary Medicine
- Veterinary Research
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The study investigated the impact of environmental pollution on farm animals, specifically looking at cell abnormalities. The frequency of these abnormalities varied significantly according to the degree of pollution exposure.
Methodology and Investigative Focus
- The research focused on cytogenetic examinations, which involve the study of chromosomes to identify genetic abnormalities or alterations.
- Various farm animals were studied across different locations, including 13 cattle farms, two horse herds, a stag farm, and 13 pig farms.
- The locations chosen had varying degrees of environmental contamination, enabling the researchers to study the correlation between the level of pollution and chromosomal changes.
Research Findings
- The results indicated that the frequency of abnormal cells was higher in herbivores than in pigs. For every 100 cell divisions, around 4.16% of cells in herbivores exhibited abnormalities, compared to approximately 3.67% in pigs.
- Among pigs, a tenfold increase in the exchange of chromatids, which can indicate chromosomal instability, was observed.
- By categorising the examined herds into three groups – those in satisfactory, impaired, and severely impaired environments – the researchers noted significant differences in abnormal cell counts among herbivorous animals depending on the environmental group.
- However, for pigs, significant differences in abnormal cells were only observed when comparing herds in satisfactory and severely impaired environments.
Comparisons between Agricultural Areas
- The researchers also compared farms in different areas, revealing that the frequency of abnormal cells was higher in herbivores from the industrial area of Pardubice, as compared to those from the agricultural area of South Moravia.
- Lastly, the study observed the impact of local contamination sources by examining a cattle farm near a large chemical plant several times over a span of 30 months. A significant rise in the frequency of abnormal cells was found during the autumn examination as compared to the spring.
In summary, the study provides substantial evidence of a correlation between environmental pollution and genetic changes in farm animals. However, the degree of pollution’s impact varies between species, and further research is required to understand the exact influence on each type of farm animal.
Cite This Article
APA
Rubes J, Borkovec L, Horínová Z, Urbanová J, Proroková I, Kulíková L.
(1992).
Cytogenetic monitoring of farm animals under conditions of environmental pollution.
Mutat Res, 283(3), 199-210.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-7992(92)90108-t Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czechoslovakia.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Animals, Domestic / genetics
- Cattle
- Chromosome Aberrations
- Cytogenetics / methods
- Czechoslovakia
- Deer
- Environmental Monitoring / methods
- Environmental Pollution
- Female
- Geography
- Horses
- Male
- Sister Chromatid Exchange
- Swine
Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Holečková B, Schwarzbacherová V, Galdíková M, Koleničová S, Halušková J, Staničová J, Verebová V, Jutková A. Chromosomal Aberrations in Cattle. Genes (Basel) 2021 Aug 27;12(9).
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