Detection and sequence analysis of equine gammaherpesviruses from horses with respiratory tract disease in Turkey.
Abstract: The equid herpesvirus 2 (EHV-2) and 5 (EHV-5), identified agents of respiratory infections and keratoconjunctivitis cases in some equids, comprise a high degree of antigenic heterogeneity. Prevalence and genetic characterization of EHV-2 and EHV-5 strains from Turkey were investigated in this study. A total of 73 nasal swabs and 54 blood specimens were sampled from horses with respiratory tract diseases characterized by mucopurulent nasal discharge and occasional coughing. Overall, EHV-2- and EHV-5-specific DNA amplicons were obtained from 19.2% (14/73) and 21.9% (16/73) of horses tested by multiplex nested PCR. Sequences of EHV-2 and EHV-5 glycoprotein B (gB) gene were used in a phylogenetic analysis that included six EHV-2 and three EHV-5 isolates, which showed that the Turkish EHV-2 and EHV-5 strains have marked sequence divergence from European strains and from each other. Turkish EHV-2 isolates were divided into two distinct subdivisions, and a few isolates were located on a separate branch. This study provides the first epidemiological and phylogenetical report about EHV-2 and EHV-5 infections in Turkey.
Publication Date: 2010-06-11 PubMed ID: 20553426DOI: 10.1111/j.1865-1682.2010.01146.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research article focuses on the detection and genetic analysis of equine gammaherpesviruses EHV-2 and EHV-5 in horses with respiratory diseases in Turkey, with findings showing significant genetic divergence from European strains.
Study Context
- This research was conducted in response to prevalence of respiratory infections and keratoconjunctivitis cases in some equids attributed to equid herpesvirus 2 (EHV-2) and 5 (EHV-5).
- These viruses showcase a high degree of antigenic heterogeneity, which can influence the effectiveness of potential treatments or vaccines.
- The main objective was to investigate the prevalence and genetic characterization of these viruses in Turkey, using nasal swabs and blood specimens from affected horses.
Methodology
- Researchers collected a total of 73 nasal swabs and 54 blood specimens from horses showing symptoms of respiratory tract diseases such as mucopurulent nasal discharge and occasional coughing.
- These samples were then subject to multiplex nested PCR testing to detect EHV-2 and EHV-5 specific DNA amplicons.
Findings
- The results indicated a prevalence of EHV-2 and EHV-5 at 19.2% (14/73) and 21.9% (16/73) respectively, which represents a significant presence in horses showing respiratory symptoms.
- Genetic characterization of these viruses was performed through sequence analysis of the glycoprotein B (gB) gene of both strains.
- Phylogenetic analysis that included six EHV-2 and three EHV-5 isolates revealed that these Turkish EHV-2 and EHV-5 strains have significant sequence divergence from their European counterparts.
Conclusion
- This research provided the first epidemiological and phylogenetical report about EHV-2 and EHV-5 infections in horses in Turkey.
- The significant divergence of Turkish strains from European strains, and from each other suggests potential implications for future treatment methods or potential vaccines, considering antigenic heterogeneity can affect their efficacy.
Cite This Article
APA
Ataseven VS, Bilge-Dagalp S, Oguzoglu TC, Karapinar Z, Güzel M, Tan MT.
(2010).
Detection and sequence analysis of equine gammaherpesviruses from horses with respiratory tract disease in Turkey.
Transbound Emerg Dis, 57(4), 271-276.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1865-1682.2010.01146.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Virology, Mustafa Kemal University Hatay, Turkey.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Cell Line
- Herpesviridae Infections / epidemiology
- Herpesviridae Infections / veterinary
- Herpesviridae Infections / virology
- Horse Diseases / epidemiology
- Horse Diseases / virology
- Horses
- Phylogeny
- Phylogeography
- Polymerase Chain Reaction / veterinary
- Rabbits
- Respiratory Tract Infections / epidemiology
- Respiratory Tract Infections / veterinary
- Respiratory Tract Infections / virology
- Rhadinovirus / genetics
- Rhadinovirus / isolation & purification
- Turkey / epidemiology
Citations
This article has been cited 15 times.- Acevedo HD, Hassebroek AM, Leventhal HR, Duhamel GE, Carvallo FR. Colonic T-cell-rich, large B-cell lymphoma associated with equid herpesvirus 5 infection and secondary trans-colonic fistula in a horse. J Vet Diagn Invest 2023 May;35(3):272-277.
- Badr C, Souiai O, Arbi M, El Behi I, Essaied MS, Khosrof I, Benkahla A, Chabchoub A, Ghram A. Epidemiological and Phylogeographic Study of Equid Herpesviruses in Tunisia. Pathogens 2022 Sep 5;11(9).
- Wondimagegnehu K, Leta S, Amenu K, Negussie H. Molecular detection and assessment of the epidemiological risk factors associated with equine herpesvirus 2 and 5 in working equids in central Ethiopia. Vet Med Sci 2022 Nov;8(6):2396-2403.
- Onasanya AE, El-Hage C, Diaz-Méndez A, Vaz PK, Legione AR, Browning GF, Devlin JM, Hartley CA. Whole genome sequence analysis of equid gammaherpesvirus -2 field isolates reveals high levels of genomic diversity and recombination. BMC Genomics 2022 Aug 30;23(1):622.
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- Temesgen T, Getachew Y, Negussie H. Molecular Identification of Equine Herpesvirus 1, 2, and 5 in Equids with Signs of Respiratory Disease in Central Ethiopia. Vet Med (Auckl) 2021;12:337-345.
- Pavulraj S, Eschke K, Theisen J, Westhoff S, Reimers G, Andreotti S, Osterrieder N, Azab W. Equine Herpesvirus Type 4 (EHV-4) Outbreak in Germany: Virological, Serological, and Molecular Investigations. Pathogens 2021 Jun 25;10(7).
- Stasiak K, Dunowska M, Trewick S, Rola J. Genetic Variation in the Glycoprotein B Sequence of Equid Herpesvirus 5 among Horses of Various Breeds at Polish National Studs. Pathogens 2021 Mar 9;10(3).
- Xie J, Tong P, Zhang L, Ren M, Song X, Jia C, Palidan N, Zhang L, Kuang L. First detection and genetic characterization of equid herpesvirus 2, 4, and 5 in China. Arch Virol 2021 May;166(5):1421-1426.
- Seo MG, Ouh IO, Lee SK, Lee JS, Kwon OD, Kwak D. Molecular Detection and Genetic Characteristics of Equine Herpesvirus in Korea. Pathogens 2020 Feb 11;9(2).
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- Stasiak K, Dunowska M, Rola J. Prevalence and sequence analysis of equid herpesviruses from the respiratory tract of Polish horses. Virol J 2018 Jul 11;15(1):106.
- Costantini D, Seeber PA, Soilemetzidou SE, Azab W, Bohner J, Buuveibaatar B, Czirják GÁ, East ML, Greunz EM, Kaczensky P, Lamglait B, Melzheimer J, Uiseb K, Ortega A, Osterrieder N, Sandgreen DM, Simon M, Walzer C, Greenwood AD. Physiological costs of infection: herpesvirus replication is linked to blood oxidative stress in equids. Sci Rep 2018 Jul 9;8(1):10347.
- Marenzoni ML, Coppola G, Maranesi M, Passamonti F, Cappelli K, Capomaccio S, Verini Supplizi A, Thiry E, Coletti M. Age-dependent prevalence of equid herpesvirus 5 infection. Vet Res Commun 2010 Dec;34(8):703-8.
- James K, Chappell DE, Craig B, Pariseau C, Wright C, van Harreveld P, Barnum S, Pusterla N. Investigation of Selected Prevalence Factors Associated with EHV-2 and/or EHV-5 Infection in Horses with Acute Onset of Fever and Respiratory Signs. Viruses 2025 Apr 25;17(5).
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