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Home / Equine Research Bank / Equine Vet J / Detection of hepatitis E virus genotypes 3 and 4 in donkeys ...
Equine veterinary journal2019; 52(3); 415-419; doi: 10.1111/evj.13203

Detection of hepatitis E virus genotypes 3 and 4 in donkeys in northern China.

Abstract: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the causative agent of acute self-limiting hepatitis in humans in developing countries. Hepatitis E virus RNA was first detected in donkeys in Spain, but little is known about the possible presence of HEV in donkeys in China. Objective: To investigate the prevalence of HEV in donkeys in northern China. Methods: Investigation of the prevalence of HEV in donkeys using serological, molecular and phylogenetic approaches. Methods: A total of 401 donkey serum specimens were tested for serological and molecular detection of HEV via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The amplified products were cloned in pMD18-T vector and sequenced. The alignment and phylogenetic analysis of partial HEV ORF2 genes were compared with the corresponding sequences of the obtained HEV representative strains. Results: Serological results showed that 49 donkeys (12.22%, 95% CI: 9.18-15.83%) were positive for anti-HEV-specific antibodies, and 17 donkeys (4.24%, 95% CI: 2.49-6.70%) were positive for HEV viral RNA. On the basis of sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis, all isolated HEV strains belonged to genotype 3 (HEV-3) or HEV-4, sharing more than 76.2-96.3% identities with 67 other HEV representative strains of HEV-1 to HEV-8. Conclusions: Further studies about the prevalence of HEV in organs or faecal samples from donkeys are needed to evaluate the possible role of HEV reservoir and to determine the risk factors associated with the transmission of this zoonotic virus in donkeys in China. Conclusions: This is the first report documenting the molecular analysis of donkey HEV strains worldwide and the serological evidence of HEV infection in donkeys in northern China. The results suggest that young donkeys are more susceptible to HEV infection compared with older donkeys. Further investigation is required to determine whether donkeys should be considered reservoirs for zoonotic HEV. The Summary is available in Chinese - see Supporting information.
© 2019 EVJ Ltd.
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Publication Date: 2019-12-04 PubMed ID: 31746470DOI: 10.1111/evj.13203Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article investigates the presence of Hepatitis E virus (HEV) in donkeys in northern China, identifying genotypes 3 and 4 of the virus in this population for the first time. The article suggests donkeys, especially younger ones, could be potential reservoirs for the zoonotic transmission of this virus.

Methods

  • The research was conducted on a thorough sample size of 401 donkey serums, aiming to detect and investigate the presence of HEV.
  • Methods utilized included serological, molecular, and phylogenetic approaches.
  • Procedures such as an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were employed for molecular detection of HEV.
  • Strains of the virus that were detected were then sequenced, aligned and analysed in relation to existing documented strains.

Results

  • The results showed that 12.22% of the tested donkeys possessed anti-HEV specific antibodies, with 4.24% testing positive for HEV viral RNA.
  • All isolated HEV strains belonged to genotype 3 (HEV-3) or HEV-4 which was in line with the current understanding of different genotypes of the virus.
  • These strains shared identities with the range of 76.2 to 96.3% with 67 other documented HEV strains.

Conclusions and Further Studies

  • Despite these significant findings, further studies are required to confirm the role of donkeys in the prevalence of HEV.
  • Additional investigations are necessary to determine if organs or faecal samples from donkeys will also yield a similar prevalence of HEV.
  • Understanding the transmission risk factors associated within this zoonotic virus in donkeys, particularly in younger population, is another area of explorative opportunity in this area of research.
  • The research concludes on the need to evaluate whether donkeys should be considered reservoirs for zoonotic HEV since their exposure to the virus has been evidenced by this study.
  • This study is significant since it is the first to document the molecular analysis of donkey HEV strains, and provides serological evidence of HEV infection in donkeys in northern China.

Cite This Article

APA
Rui P, Zhao F, Yan S, Wang C, Fu Q, Hao J, Zhou X, Zhong H, Tang M, Hui W, Li W, Shi D, Ma Z, Song T. (2019). Detection of hepatitis E virus genotypes 3 and 4 in donkeys in northern China. Equine Vet J, 52(3), 415-419. https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.13203

Publication

Equine veterinary journal
ISSN: 2042-3306
NlmUniqueID: 0173320
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 52
Issue: 3
Pages: 415-419

Researcher Affiliations

Rui, P
  • Hebei Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China.
Zhao, F
  • National Engineering Research Center for Gelatin-based TCM, Dong-E E-Jiao Co., Ltd., Donge, Shandong, China.
Yan, S
  • Hebei Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China.
Wang, C
  • Hebei Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China.
Fu, Q
  • Hebei Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China.
Hao, J
  • Hebei Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China.
Zhou, X
  • National Engineering Research Center for Gelatin-based TCM, Dong-E E-Jiao Co., Ltd., Donge, Shandong, China.
Zhong, H
  • College of Science, Henan University of Engineering, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Tang, M
  • Hebei Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China.
Hui, W
  • Hebei Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China.
Li, W
  • Hebei Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China.
Shi, D
  • Hebei Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China.
Ma, Z
  • Hebei Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China.
Song, T
  • Hebei Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • China
  • Equidae
  • Genotype
  • Hepatitis E virus / genetics
  • Humans
  • Phylogeny
  • RNA, Viral
  • Spain

Grant Funding

  • QN2019097 / Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province for Youths, China
  • C2019407081 / Science Research Program of Hebei Higher Education for Youths, China
  • 2018YB017 / Scientific Research Fund of Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology
  • HBCT2018110204 / Hebei Provincial Modern Agro-industry Technology System of China

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Citations

This article has been cited 3 times.
  1. Guo Y, Ryan U, Feng Y, Xiao L. Association of Common Zoonotic Pathogens With Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations.. Front Microbiol 2021;12:810142.
    doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.810142pubmed: 35082774google scholar: lookup
  2. Wang T, Hu L, Wang Y, Liu W, Liu G, Zhu M, Zhang W, Wang C, Ren H, Li L. Identification of equine herpesvirus 8 in donkey abortion: a case report.. Virol J 2022 Jan 6;19(1):10.
    doi: 10.1186/s12985-021-01738-2pubmed: 34991640google scholar: lookup
  3. Navarro A, Bárcena C, Pozo P, Díez-Guerrier A, Martínez I, Polo C, Duque C, Rodríguez-Lázaro D, Goyache J, García N. Liver Transudate, a Potential Alternative to Detect Anti-Hepatitis E Virus Antibodies in Pigs and Wild Boars (Sus scrofa).. Microorganisms 2020 Mar 23;8(3).
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