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Detection of prohibited substances in equine hair by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry – application to doping control samples.
Abstract: The detection of drugs in human hair samples has been performed by laboratories around the world for many years and the matrix is popular in disciplines, such as workplace drug testing. To date, however, hair has not become a routinely utilised matrix in sports drug detection. The analysis of hair samples offers several potential advantages to doping control laboratories, not least of which are the greatly extended detection window and the ease of sample collection and storage. This article describes the development, validation, and utilisation of a sensitive ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method for the detection of 50 compounds. This provides significantly improved coverage for those analytes which would be of particular interest if detected in hair, such as anabolic steroid esters and selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs). Qualitative validation of the method resulted in estimated limits of detection as low as 0.1 pg/mg for the majority of compounds, with all being detected at 2 pg/mg or below. The suitability of the method for the detection of prohibited substances in incurred material was demonstrated by the successful detection of several compounds, such as stanozolol, boldenone undecylenate, clenbuterol, and GW-501516, in genuine equine hair samples. Estimated concentrations of the detected substances ranged from 0.27 to 8.6 pg/mg. The method has been shown to be fit-for-purpose for routine screening of equine hair samples by the analysis of over 400 genuine hair samples.
Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Publication Date: 2018-02-12 PubMed ID: 29430877DOI: 10.1002/dta.2367Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
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The study discusses the development and application of a sensitive method using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography and triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) for detecting prohibited substances in horse hair, a matrix that hasn’t been traditionally employed for sports drug testing. The 50-prohibited-compound detection technique offers several benefits such as an extended detection window and simplified sample collection and storage.
Advantages of Hair Analysis
The researchers highlight the value of hair samples for doping detection in sports. Unlike traditional methods that focus on urine or blood samples, hair analysis offers:
- A significantly longer detection window, allowing to trace back drug use for a period that can stretch out to months, depending on the length of the hair.
- A simpler and non-invasive sample collection that also offers ease of transportation and storage.
Development and Validation of the Detection Method
The article moves on to cover the formulation and validation of a UHPLC-MS/MS method to detect 50 different compounds linked with equine doping. These compounds include substances of particular interest such as anabolic steroid esters and selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs). During the validation process:
- The team of researchers were able to achieve limits of detection as low as 0.1 pg/mg for most compounds, with all compounds detected at 2 pg/mg or below.
- They successfully tested the method using actual equine hair samples, identifying prohibited substances like stanozolol, boldenone undecylenate, clenbuterol, and GW-501516.
- The estimated concentrations of these prohibited substances ranged from 0.27 to 8.6 pg/mg.
Application of the Detection Method
Following the successful development and validation of the method, the paper illustrates its practical use. It was stated that the method has been applied to routine screening of over 400 real equine hair samples, proving it to be fit for this purpose. By doing so, this method can provide an effective tool for combating doping in the equine sports industry, contributing to fair play and animal welfare.
Cite This Article
APA
Gray B, Viljanto M, Menzies E, Vanhaecke L.
(2018).
Detection of prohibited substances in equine hair by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry – application to doping control samples.
Drug Test Anal.
https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.2367 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- LGC Ltd, Fordham, Cambridgeshire, UK.
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Belgium.
- LGC Ltd, Fordham, Cambridgeshire, UK.
- LGC Ltd, Fordham, Cambridgeshire, UK.
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Belgium.
Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Caprioli G, Genangeli M, Mustafa AM, Petrelli R, Ricciutelli M, Sagratini G, Sartori S, Laus F, Vittori S, Cortese M. Quantification of 17 Endogenous and Exogenous Steroidal Hormones in Equine and Bovine Blood for Doping Control with UHPLC-MS/MS. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021 Apr 21;14(5).
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