Omneity® Pellets
All-In-One Vitamin & Mineral Pellet
Development of a method for simultaneously genotyping multiple horse coat colour loci and genetic investigation of basic colour variation in Thoroughbred and Misaki horses in Japan.
Abstract: In order to develop a genotyping method that can be used in the registration procedure for Thoroughbreds, we developed a method for simultaneously genotyping multiple coat colour genes on the basis of single nucleotide polymorphism typing by using the SNaPshot(TM) technique. This method enabled precise and reasonable detection of causal mutations; it was effective for genotyping of MC1R, ASIP, and SLC45A2 at the Extension (E), Agouti (A), Cream dilution (C) loci, and the possibility of identification of rare variants of MC1R, EDNRB and KIT at the E, Overo (O) and Sabino 1 (SB1) loci, respectively, was also indicated. It was considered that this genotyping method would provide information not only for the registration of Thoroughbreds but also for the preservation of phenotypic characters, such as coat colour, of endangered Misaki native horses in Japan. Therefore, genetic variations at the five coat colour loci were investigated in 1111 Thoroughbred and 99 Misaki native horses. Allele frequencies at the polymorphic E and A loci were estimated, and the proportions of basic coat colours that could be expected in the Thoroughbred population were bay, 0.662; black, 0.070; chestnut, 0.268. In the Misaki population, they were bay, 0.792; black, 0.129; chestnut, 0.080. The data presented were the first of its kind on genetic coat colour variation, and will be important with regard to the registration of Thoroughbreds and the management of Misaki horses.
Publication Date: 2009-11-17 PubMed ID: 19912416DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0388.2009.00841.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The study outlines the development of a genetic testing method that can help determine horse coat colour genes, with implications for thoroughbred registration and conservation of an endangered horse breed in Japan. Through the technique, researchers also examined genetic variations in coat colour for 1111 Thoroughbred and 99 Misaki horses.
Genotyping Method Development
Researchers aimed to create a genotyping approach that could be utilized in the thoroughbred registration process. They designed a method which could genotype multiple coat colour genes simultaneously. This was achieved by using Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) typing through the SNaPshot technique. This method allowed for:
- Precise detection of causal mutations
- Effective genotyping of MC1R, ASIP, and SLC45A2 at various loci such as Extension (E), Agouti (A), and Cream dilution (C)
- The potential identification of rare variants of MC1R, EDNRB and KIT at the E, Overo (O) and Sabino 1 (SB1) loci
Application and Implications of the Genotyping Method
The method was considered to provide valuable information not only for thoroughbred registration but also for the preservation of certain phenotypic characteristics (like coat colour) in endangered Misaki native horses in Japan.
Investigation of Genetic Variations in Coat Colour
The researchers examined genetic variations in five coat colour loci. The sample included 1111 thoroughbred and 99 Misaki native horses. They estimated allele frequencies at the polymorphic E and A loci, with the anticipated proportions of basic coat colours in:
- The Thoroughbred population being bay (66.2%), black (7%), and chestnut (26.8%)
- The Misaki population being bay (79.2%), black (12.9%), and chestnut (8%)
The data collected in this study is the first of its kind on genetic coat colour variation and it could have significant implications for the registration of thoroughbred horses and the management of endangered Misaki horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Kakoi H, Tozaki T, Nagata S, Gawahara H, Kijima-Suda I.
(2009).
Development of a method for simultaneously genotyping multiple horse coat colour loci and genetic investigation of basic colour variation in Thoroughbred and Misaki horses in Japan.
J Anim Breed Genet, 126(6), 425-431.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0388.2009.00841.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, Utsunomiya City, Tochigi, Japan. h-kakoi@lrc.or.jp
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Breeding
- Genetic Variation
- Genotype
- Hair Color / genetics
- Horses / genetics
- Japan
- Pigments, Biological / genetics
Citations
This article has been cited 6 times.- Tozaki T, Ohnuma A, Kikuchi M, Ishige T, Kakoi H, Hirota KI, Takahashi Y, Nagata SI. Short Insertion and Deletion Discoveries via Whole-Genome Sequencing of 101 Thoroughbred Racehorses. Genes (Basel) 2023 Mar 3;14(3).
- Cosso G, Carcangiu V, Luridiana S, Fiori S, Columbano N, Masala G, Careddu GM, Sanna Passino E, Mura MC. Characterization of the Sarcidano Horse Coat Color Genes. Animals (Basel) 2022 Oct 5;12(19).
- Nguyen TB, Paul RC, Okuda Y, LE TNA, Pham PTK, Kaissar KJ, Kazhmurat A, Bibigul S, Bakhtin M, Kazymbet P, Maratbek SZ, Meldebekov A, Nishibori M, Ibi T, Tsuji T, Kunieda T. Genetic characterization of Kushum horses in Kazakhstan based on haplotypes of mtDNA and Y chromosome, and genes associated with important traits of the horses. J Equine Sci 2020 Oct;31(3):35-43.
- Nakamura K, Tozaki T, Kakoi H, Owada S, Takasu M. Variation in the MC1R, ASIP, and MATP genes responsible for coat color in Kiso horse as determined by SNaPshot™ genotyping. J Vet Med Sci 2019 Jan 8;81(1):100-102.
- Reissmann M, Musa L, Zakizadeh S, Ludwig A. Distribution of coat-color-associated alleles in the domestic horse population and Przewalski's horse. J Appl Genet 2016 Nov;57(4):519-525.
- Ming KM, Le Verger K, Geiger M, Schmelzle T, Georgalis GL, Shimbo G, Sasaki M, Ohdachi SD, Sánchez-Villagra MR. Insular dwarfism in horses from the Aegean Sea and the Japanese archipelago. Mamm Biol 2024;104(4):345-361.
Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
