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BMC veterinary research2015; 11; 246; doi: 10.1186/s12917-015-0560-0

Development of a pan-Babesia FRET-qPCR and a survey of livestock from five Caribbean islands.

Abstract: Babesia spp. are tick-borne protozoan hemoparasites and the second most common blood-borne parasites of mammals, in particular domestic animals. We used the Clustal Multiple Alignment program and 18S rRNA gene sequences of 22 Babesia species from GenBank to develop a PCR that could detect a wide variety of Babesia spp. in a single reaction. The pan-Babesia FRET-qPCR we developed reliably detected B. gibsoni, B. canis, B. vogeli, B. microti, B. bovis, and B. divergens under controlled conditions but did not react with closely related species, mainly Hepatozoon americanum, Theileria equi, and Toxoplasma gondii. Results: When we tested the pan-Babesia FRET-qPCR on DNA of whole blood from 752 cattle, sheep, goats, donkeys and horses from five Caribbean islands, we detected Babesia spp. expected to be present in the animals, mainly B. bovis and B. bigemina in cattle and B. caballi in horses and donkeys. Further, we found that animals were not uncommonly infected with species of Babesia usually associated with other hosts, mainly B. vogeli and B. gibsoni in cattle, sheep and goats, B. rossi in goats, and B. caballi in goats and sheep. Finally, the pan-Babesia FRET-qPCR enabled us to identify unknown species of Babesia in cattle, goats, sheep and donkeys. Conclusions: Overall, 70 % (525/752) of the animals we tested were positive confirming earlier limited studies that infections with Babesia spp. are common in livestock in the Caribbean.
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Publication Date: 2015-09-30 PubMed ID: 26423577PubMed Central: PMC4588467DOI: 10.1186/s12917-015-0560-0Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The study discusses the development of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test, known as pan-Babesia FRET-qPCR, capable of detecting several types of Babesia – a tick-borne blood parasite in mammals. The test was used to analyze blood samples from livestock on five Caribbean islands. Results revealed that the majority (70%) of the animals tested were carrying these parasites.

Development of the Test

  • Researchers utilized the Clustal Multiple Alignment program along with 18S rRNA gene sequences of 22 different Babesia species available in an online genetic sequence database, GenBank, to devise the pan-Babesia FRET-qPCR.
  • This test was then validated, confirming it could effectively identify six species of Babesia under controlled conditions.
  • The developed test demonstrated specificity as well – it did not react with closely related species such as Hepatozoon americanum, Theileria equi, and Toxoplasma gondii.

Testing in Caribbean Livestock

  • The pan-Babesia FRET-qPCR was applied to analyze DNA from whole blood samples from 752 domestic animals including cattle, sheep, goats, donkeys, and horses across five Caribbean islands.
  • The test successfully detected expected Babesia species in cattle (B. bovis and B. bigemina) and in horses and donkeys (B. caballi).
  • Interestingly, the test also identified Babesia species that are typically associated with different hosts. For instance, B. vogeli and B. gibsoni were found in cattle, sheep, and goats, B. rossi in goats, and B. caballi in goats and sheep.
  • Furthermore, the test was instrumental in identifying unknown species of Babesia in various livestock.

Prevalence of Babesia Infections

  • Results from the study demonstrated a high occurrence of Babesia spp. infections in Caribbean livestock, confirming earlier limited studies. Approximately 70% (525 out of 752) of the tested animals were found to be infected.

The detection and prevalence of Babesia species in Caribbean livestock obtained from this study is vital for both animal health and potential zoonotic transmission to humans. The pan-Babesia FRET-qPCR provides a powerful tool for detecting these parasites and can aid in more comprehensive epidemiological studies and improved parasite management strategies in the future.

Cite This Article

APA
Li J, Kelly P, Zhang J, Xu C, Wang C. (2015). Development of a pan-Babesia FRET-qPCR and a survey of livestock from five Caribbean islands. BMC Vet Res, 11, 246. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-015-0560-0

Publication

BMC veterinary research
ISSN: 1746-6148
NlmUniqueID: 101249759
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 11
Pages: 246
PII: 246

Researcher Affiliations

Li, Jing
  • Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P. R. China. lijing900401@163.com.
Kelly, Patrick
  • Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, St. Kitts and Nevis, West Indies. pkelly@rossvet.edu.kn.
Zhang, Jilei
  • Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P. R. China. zhangjilei0103@163.com.
Xu, Chuanling
  • Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P. R. China. clxu@yzu.edu.cn.
Wang, Chengming
  • Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P. R. China. wangcm@yzu.edu.cn.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Babesia / genetics
  • Babesia / isolation & purification
  • Babesiosis / diagnosis
  • Babesiosis / epidemiology
  • Base Sequence
  • DNA, Protozoan / genetics
  • Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer / methods
  • Livestock
  • Phylogeny
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction / veterinary
  • Prevalence
  • RNA, Protozoan
  • RNA, Ribosomal, 18S / genetics
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Species Specificity
  • West Indies / epidemiology

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