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Veterinary immunology and immunopathology2016; 183; 60-71; doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2016.12.004

Developmental expression of B cell molecules in equine lymphoid tissues.

Abstract: Identification and classification of B cell subpopulations has been shown to be challenging and inconsistent among different species. Our study tested aspects of ontogeny, phenotype, tissue distribution, and function of equine CD5 B cells, which represented a greater proportion of B cells early in development and in the peritoneal cavity. CD5 and CD5 B cells differentially expressed B cell markers (CD2, CD21, IgM) measured using flow cytometry, but similar mRNA expression of signature genes (DGKA, FGL2, PAX5, IGHM, IL10) measured using quantitative RT-PCR. Sequencing lambda light chain segments revealed that CD5 B cells generated diverse immunoglobulin repertoires, and more frequently bound to fluorescence-labeled phosphorylcholine. This study shows developmental characteristics and tissue distribution of a newly described subpopulation of B cells in the horse.
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Publication Date: 2016-12-13 PubMed ID: 28063478PubMed Central: PMC5267323DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2016.12.004Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research explores the developmental characteristics of a newly identified subpopulation of B cells (immune cells) in horses. The study analyzed the ontogeny, phenotype, tissue distribution, and functions of these cells, known as equine CD5 B cells.

Understanding B Cell subpopulations

B cells, or B lymphocytes, are an essential part of the immune system. These cells are responsible for producing antibodies against antigens, pathogenic microorganisms that invade the body. However, understanding B cell subpopulations, their development, characteristics, and distribution, often presents challenges due to the differences among species.

In this study, the researchers focus on equine CD5 B cells, which are a greater proportion of B cells early in development and are primarily found in the peritoneal cavity. The equine B cell research aims to offer crucial insights into the immune responses of horses.

  • Ontogeny refers to the development and origination of a particular organism or cell type from earlier stages.
  • Phenotype refers to the observable characteristics of an organism or cell, resulting from the interaction of its genetic makeup with the environment.
  • Tissue distribution refers to the proportion of cells that are present in different tissues in the body.

Methods and Measurements

The team used multiple scientific techniques such as flow cytometry, quantitative RT-PCR, and sequencing lambda light chain segments to gather data.

  • Flow cytometry is a technology that is used to measure and analyze the physical and chemical characteristics of particles in a fluid as it passes through at least one laser.
  • Quantitative RT-PCR (Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) is a laboratory technique used to amplify and simultaneously quantify a targeted DNA molecule. It enables both detection and quantification.
  • Sequencing lambda light chain segments are part of the process to understand the diversity of antibodies generated by these B cells.

Findings of the Study

The data revealed that CD5 B cells expressed B cell markers (CD2, CD21, IgM) differently. However, they depicted similar mRNA expression of signature genes (DGKA, FGL2, PAX5, IGHM, IL10).

Further, the CD5 B cells generated a diverse array of antibodies as revealed by the sequencing of lambda light chains. These cells were also found to bind more frequently to fluorescence-labeled phosphorylcholine, a molecule often associated with host-pathogen interactions.

In conclusion, the research broadens our understanding of the immune system in horses by shedding new light on the developmental characteristics and tissue distribution of equine CD5 B cells. The findings may help provide strategies for enhancing equine health through improved immunization and infection control methods.

Cite This Article

APA
Prieto JMB, Tallmadge RL, Felippe MJB. (2016). Developmental expression of B cell molecules in equine lymphoid tissues. Vet Immunol Immunopathol, 183, 60-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2016.12.004

Publication

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology
ISSN: 1873-2534
NlmUniqueID: 8002006
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 183
Pages: 60-71
PII: S0165-2427(16)30366-X

Researcher Affiliations

Prieto, J M B
  • Equine Immunology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. Electronic address: jmb279@cornell.edu.
Tallmadge, R L
  • Equine Immunology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. Electronic address: rlt8@cornell.edu.
Felippe, M J B
  • Equine Immunology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. Electronic address: mbf6@cornell.edu.

MeSH Terms

  • Aging / immunology
  • Animals
  • B-Lymphocyte Subsets / cytology
  • B-Lymphocytes / cytology
  • B-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • CD5 Antigens / biosynthesis
  • Flow Cytometry / veterinary
  • Horses / embryology
  • Horses / growth & development
  • Horses / immunology
  • Immunoglobulin Light Chains / genetics
  • Immunophenotyping / veterinary
  • Lymphoid Tissue / cytology
  • Lymphoid Tissue / embryology
  • Phosphorylcholine / metabolism

Grant Funding

  • DP2 OD007216 / NIH HHS

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Citations

This article has been cited 3 times.
  1. Tallmadge RL, Wang M, Sun Q, Felippe MJB. Transcriptome analysis of immune genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of young foals and adult horses. PLoS One 2018;13(9):e0202646.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202646pubmed: 30183726google scholar: lookup
  2. Tallmadge RL, Miller SC, Parry SA, Felippe MJB. Antigen-specific immunoglobulin variable region sequencing measures humoral immune response to vaccination in the equine neonate. PLoS One 2017;12(5):e0177831.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177831pubmed: 28520789google scholar: lookup
  3. Julia M, Felippe B. Equine common variable immunodeficiency: lessons from 100 clinical cases. Equine Vet Educ 2024 Oct;36(10):543-554.
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