Diagnosis of laryngeal dysplasia in five horses using magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography.
Abstract: Laryngeal dysplasia due to suspected maldevelopment of the fourth branchial arch has been reported previously in the horse and has been associated with rostral displacement of the palatopharyngeal arch and/or right laryngeal dysfunction. These studies all described the endoscopic and/or anatomical post mortem identification of the disease, but ultrasonography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of this disease have not been described. Objective: MRI and ultrasound findings accurately reflect the anatomical features of presumptive fourth branchial arch abnormality and allow accurate ante mortem diagnosis of this condition and, therefore, appropriate management. Methods: Between February 2008 and January 2009, all horses examined at Rood and Riddle Equine Hospital diagnosed with rostral displacement of the palatopharyngeal arch and/or right laryngeal dysfunction using upper airway endoscopy (n=5) underwent ultrasonography and MRI of the laryngeal region. Results: All 5 horses that met the inclusion criteria were identified and all underwent laryngeal MRI and ultrasound examinations. Features consistent with laryngeal dysplasia, including lack of the cricothyroid articulation, dorsal extension of the thyroid cartilage lamina, and absence or hypoplasia of the cricopharyngeus muscle, were seen in all cases using both types of imaging. Conclusions: MRI and ultrasonography permit definitive premortem diagnosis of laryngeal dysplasia. Upper airway abnormalities identified using endoscopy can be more fully characterised using MRI and ultrasonography allowing more appropriate recommendations to be made. Preoperative imaging may also prevent inappropriate surgical intervention.
Publication Date: 2010-01-26 PubMed ID: 20095224DOI: 10.2746/042516409x434080Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Anatomy
- Case Reports
- Clinical Findings
- Clinical Pathology
- Clinical Study
- Clinical Symptoms
- Diagnosis
- Diagnostic Imaging
- Disease Diagnosis
- Disease Treatment
- Equine Diseases
- Equine Health
- Horses
- Imaging Techniques
- Laryngeal Dysfunction
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Radiology
- Ultrasound
- Veterinary Care
- Veterinary Medicine
- Veterinary Research
Summary
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The research explores the use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Ultrasonography in diagnosing laryngeal dysplasia in horses, a condition previously identified through post-mortem or endoscopy. Five horses diagnosed with this condition through endoscopy were further tested using MRI and Ultrasonography to provide an accurate ante-mortem diagnosis and permit better management strategies.
Objectives and Methods
- The primary objective of the study was to ascertain if MRI and ultrasound findings could accurately reflect the anatomical features related to a presumptive fourth branchial arch abnormality. This information could help in the accurate ante mortem diagnosis of laryngeal dysplasia and consequently, enable more appropriate care and management.
- The study was conducted at the Rood and Riddle Equine Hospital between February 2008 and January 2009. The experiment used horses diagnosed with either rostral displacement of the palatopharyngeal arch and/or right laryngeal dysfunction using upper airway endoscopy.
- Focusing on a small sample size of five horses, the researchers carried out ultrasonography and MRI of the laryngeal region to examine the condition more precisely.
Results and Findings
- All horses subjected to MRI and ultrasound examinations showed features consistent with laryngeal dysplasia. These features included the absence of cricothyroid articulation, the dorsal extension of the thyroid cartilage lamina, and the absence or hypoplasia of the cricopharyngeus muscle.
- The experiments successfully achieved the aim of the study, providing clear evidence that MRI and ultrasound could accurately confirm the diagnosis of laryngeal dysplasia.
Conclusions and Implications
- This research lays the foundation for using MRI and ultrasonography as definite methods for diagnosing laryngeal dysplasia before the horse’s death.
- The identifiable abnormalities in the upper airway through endoscopy can be characterized better using MRI and ultrasonography. This can result in more appropriate recommendations for disease management.
- Preoperative imaging may also prevent unnecessary surgical intervention, improving patient outcomes and reducing the overall cost of care.
Cite This Article
APA
Garrett KS, Woodie JB, Embertson RM, Pease AP.
(2010).
Diagnosis of laryngeal dysplasia in five horses using magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography.
Equine Vet J, 41(8), 766-771.
https://doi.org/10.2746/042516409x434080 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Rood and Riddle Equine Hospital, P.O. Box 12070, Lexington, Kentucky 40580, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Female
- Horse Diseases / diagnosis
- Horse Diseases / diagnostic imaging
- Horses
- Laryngeal Diseases / diagnosis
- Laryngeal Diseases / diagnostic imaging
- Laryngeal Diseases / pathology
- Laryngeal Diseases / veterinary
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging / veterinary
- Male
- Ultrasonography
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Bottasso-Arias N, Burra K, Sinner D, Riede T. Disruption of BMP4 signaling is associated with laryngeal birth defects in a mouse model. Dev Biol 2023 Aug;500:10-21.
- Kozłowska N, Wierzbicka M, Jasiński T, Domino M. Advances in the Diagnosis of Equine Respiratory Diseases: A Review of Novel Imaging and Functional Techniques. Animals (Basel) 2022 Feb 4;12(3).
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