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Immunology2013; 139(4); 472-483; doi: 10.1111/imm.12094

Differentiation and activation of equine monocyte-derived dendritic cells are not correlated with CD206 or CD83 expression.

Abstract: Dendritic cells (DC) are the main immune mediators inducing primary immune responses. DC generated from monocytes (MoDC) are a model system to study the biology of DC in vitro, as they represent inflammatory DC in vivo. Previous studies on the generation of MoDC in horses indicated that there was no distinct difference between immature and mature DC and that the expression profile was distinctly different from humans, where CD206 is expressed on immature MoDC whereas CD83 is expressed on mature MoDC. Here we describe the kinetics of equine MoDC differentiation and activation, analysing both phenotypic and functional characteristics. Blood monocytes were first differentiated with equine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4 generating immature DC (iMoDC). These cells were further activated with a cocktail of cytokines including interferon-γ) but not CD40 ligand to obtain mature DC (mMoDC). To determine the expression of a broad range of markers for which no monoclonal antibodies were available to analyse the protein expression, microarray and quantitative PCR analysis were performed to carry out gene expression analysis. This study demonstrates that equine iMoDC and mMoDC can be distinguished both phenotypically and functionally but the expression pattern of some markers including CD206 and CD83 is dissimilar to the human system.
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Publication Date: 2013-03-07 PubMed ID: 23461413PubMed Central: PMC3719064DOI: 10.1111/imm.12094Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article investigates the differentiation and activation of horse immune cells, specifically monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs), and finds that unlike in humans, the expression of certain proteins (CD206 and CD83) does not correlate with the maturation stages of these cells.

Exploring MoDC Differentiation in Horses

Monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs) play an important role in the immune responses, being responsible for initiating primary immune responses.

  • This study develops a model system using horse monocytes to study how these MoDCs differentiate and activate in vitro, which mirrors their behavior during an inflammatory response in vivo.
  • The differentiation process involves the conversion of monocytes into immature DCs (iMoDCs) through the use of equine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4.

Activation of Horse Immature Dendritic Cells

The next step in the process is the activation of these immature DCs (iMoDCs) to become mature DCs (mMoDCs).

  • This study performed this activation with a specific cocktail of cytokines, including interferon-γ, but notably excluded the use of the CD40 ligand, which is another molecule often involved in immune responses.
  • this mature dendritic cells play a major role in the immune system, as they present antigens, or foreign substances, to immune cells to initiate a response against those substances.

Detection and Analysis of Protein Expression

In order to validate their findings and to provide a comprehensive picture of the MoDCs differentiation and activation,

  • the researchers had to determine the expression of a broad set of cellular markers, and due to the lack of monoclonal antibodies to detect these markers, they relied on gene expression analysis techniques such as microarray analysis and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).
  • these techniques allow for the detection of gene expression, which can be used as a proxy for protein expression.

Dissimilar Expression of Protein Markers in Horse and Human Cells

An interesting analysis performed in this research involved a comparison between the horse system and the human system.

  • Unlike the human companion cases, where the protein markers CD206 and CD83 were respectively expressed on immature MoDC and mature MoDC, this study discovered that the same correlation does not hold true for the horse system.
  • This provides interesting insight into the unique characteristics of the horse immune system cells, and possibly elucidating differences in the manifestation of immune responses between species.

Cite This Article

APA
Moyo NA, Marchi E, Steinbach F. (2013). Differentiation and activation of equine monocyte-derived dendritic cells are not correlated with CD206 or CD83 expression. Immunology, 139(4), 472-483. https://doi.org/10.1111/imm.12094

Publication

Immunology
ISSN: 1365-2567
NlmUniqueID: 0374672
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 139
Issue: 4
Pages: 472-483

Researcher Affiliations

Moyo, Nathifa A
  • Virology Department, Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency, New Haw, Addlestone, UK.
Marchi, Emanuele
    Steinbach, Falko

      MeSH Terms

      • Animals
      • Antigens, CD / genetics
      • Antigens, CD / metabolism
      • Biomarkers / metabolism
      • Cell Differentiation
      • Cells, Cultured
      • Dendritic Cells / immunology
      • Gene Expression Profiling / methods
      • Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / metabolism
      • Horses
      • Immunoglobulins / genetics
      • Immunoglobulins / metabolism
      • Interferon-gamma / metabolism
      • Interleukin-4 / metabolism
      • Kinetics
      • Lectins, C-Type / genetics
      • Lectins, C-Type / metabolism
      • Mannose Receptor
      • Mannose-Binding Lectins / genetics
      • Mannose-Binding Lectins / metabolism
      • Membrane Glycoproteins / genetics
      • Membrane Glycoproteins / metabolism
      • Monocytes / immunology
      • Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
      • Phenotype
      • Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
      • Receptors, Cell Surface / genetics
      • Receptors, Cell Surface / metabolism

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