Direct intra-abdominal pressures and abdominal perfusion pressures in unsedated normal horses.
Abstract: To determine whether direct intra-abdominal pressures (IAP) and calculated direct abdominal perfusion pressures (APP) are location dependent within the abdomen of standing horses. We hypothesize that IAP will be increased and calculated APP will be decreased at a ventral abdominal location (V) when compared to values obtained from the left (LFl) or right flank (RFl). Methods: Prospective experimental design. Methods: University-based equine research facility. Methods: Seven healthy adult horses, 4 geldings and 3 mares. Methods: Measurements of direct IAP obtained from the RFl, LFl, and V locations via abdominal cannulation and direct arterial blood pressures obtained via catheterization of the transverse facial artery were obtained in fasted, standing, unsedated horses. APP was calculated for each location by the subtraction of IAP from the mean arterial pressure. Differences between sites of measurement for IAP, APP, and their gradients were calculated and compared by ANOVA and t-tests. Results: Mean flank IAP measurements were subatmospheric and negative compared to ventral IAP values (LFl = -3 mm Hg, RFl = -5 mm Hg, V = 25 mm Hg; P < 0.001 between each flank and the ventral location). Ventrum APP was lower than flank APP (V = 82 mm Hg; LFl = 106 mm Hg; RFl = 108 mm Hg; P = 0.029 between each flank and the ventral location). Gradient calculations between sites showed the IAP increased and APP decreased from dorsal to ventral (P < 0.05) and from right to left (P = 0.004) within the abdomen. Conclusions: IAP and calculated APP are location dependent. These data provide new information regarding abdominal pressure profiles in standing healthy adult horses.
© Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Society 2012.
Publication Date: 2012-07-05 PubMed ID: 22765021PubMed Central: PMC3960595DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-4431.2012.00774.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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The study investigates whether intra-abdominal pressures (IAP) and abdominal perfusion pressures (APP) in horses vary based on their location within the abdomen. The research finds that these pressures are indeed location-dependent, with distinct differences found in dorsal, ventral, and left to right abdominal regions.
Research Methods
The study uses a prospective experimental design conducted at a university-based equine research facility. The subjects were seven healthy adult horses – four geldings and three mares. The horses were fasted and kept standing without sedation during the study.
- Direct IAP measurements were obtained from three different locations: right flank (RFl), left flank (LFl), and ventral abdominal location (V). The IAPs were measured using an abdominal cannulation technique.
- Direct arterial blood pressures were collected through the catheterization of the transverse facial artery.
- For each location, the APP was calculated by subtracting the IAP from the mean arterial pressure.
- Differences in IAP, APP, and their gradients were compared using ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) and t-tests.
Results
The results showed significant differences in IAP and APP across different abdominal locations.
- Flank IAP measurements were subatmospheric and negatively compared to ventral IAP values (LFl = -3 mm Hg, RFl = -5 mm Hg, V = 25 mm Hg). The differences between each flank and the ventral location were statistically significant (P < 0.001).
- APP in the ventral location was lower than that in the flank locations (V = 82 mm Hg; LFl = 106 mm Hg; RFl = 108 mm Hg). Again, statistical differences were found (P = 0.029 between each flank and the ventral location).
- The calculated gradients demonstrated that both IAP and APP displayed a consistent pattern: increasing from dorsal to ventral (P < 0.05) and from right to left (P = 0.004) within the abdomen.
Conclusion
The research concludes that both intra-abdominal pressure and abdominal perfusion pressure in horses are location-dependent. This finding contributes new information about the abdominal pressure profiles in standing healthy adult horses. The derived knowledge may have critical implications for understanding the physiology of horses and improving equine surgical procedures.
Cite This Article
APA
Hurcombe SD, Scott VH.
(2012).
Direct intra-abdominal pressures and abdominal perfusion pressures in unsedated normal horses.
J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio), 22(4), 441-446.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-4431.2012.00774.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. Samuel.Hurcombe@cvm.osu.edu
MeSH Terms
- Abdomen / physiology
- Animals
- Blood Pressure / physiology
- Female
- Horses / physiology
- Male
- Manometry / methods
- Manometry / veterinary
- Pressure
Grant Funding
- UL1 TR000090 / NCATS NIH HHS
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This article includes 12 references
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Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Trimmel NE, Podgoršak A, Oertel MF, Jucker S, Arras M, Schmid Daners M, Weisskopf M. The Sheep as a Comprehensive Animal Model to Investigate Interdependent Physiological Pressure Propagation and Multiparameter Influence on Cerebrospinal Fluid Dynamics.. Front Neurosci 2022;16:868567.
- Youngblood CD, Hodgson DS, Beard WL, Song Y, Prakash P, Heflin LV. Effect of position on transdiaphragmatic pressure and hemodynamic variables in anesthetized horses.. Can J Vet Res 2020 Jul;84(3):205-211.
- de Paula VB, Canola PA, Rivera GG, Z Filho D, Amaral GPD, Ferraz GC, Ferraudo AS, Canola JC. Intrabladder pressure as predictor of intra-abdominal pressure in horses.. PLoS One 2019;14(10):e0223705.
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