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Microorganisms2022; 10(9); 1693; doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10091693

Diversity of Blastocystis Subtypes in Horses in Colombia and Identification of Two New Subtypes.

Abstract: is a common intestinal protist in humans and animals worldwide. Wild and domestic animals are thought to be reservoirs of subtypes that also infect humans. There are limited studies on the prevalence and subtype distribution of in horses. In this study, 185 fecal samples were collected from horses (1 month to 17 years of age) in four regions of Colombia (Sabana de Bogotá, Costa Atlántica, Llanos Orientales, and Bogotá D.C.). presence and subtypes were determined by PCR and next generation amplicon sequencing. Eighty-one (43.8%) horses were positive for , with positive horses in all four regions. Molecular characterization identified 12 subtypes, 10 known subtypes (ST1, ST3-ST6, ST10, ST14, ST25, ST26), and 2 novel subtypes (ST33 and ST34). The validity of the novel subtypes was confirmed via phylogenetic and pairwise distance analyses of the full-length rRNA gene sequences. Mixed subtype infections were common (55.6% of -positive horses). ST10 was the most prevalent subtype, present in 82.8% of -positive horses. Potentially zoonotic subtypes were identified in 88.9% of the -positive horses. This constitutes the most comprehensive study of in horses. Our findings indicate that horses harbor potentially zoonotic subtypes and could contribute to the transmission of to humans.
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Publication Date: 2022-08-24 PubMed ID: 36144295PubMed Central: PMC9505074DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091693Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article discusses a study that investigated the prevalence and subtype distribution of an intestinal protist, Blastocystis, in horses in Colombia. The study identified both known and novel subtypes of the parasite, and suggest the potential role of horses in transmitting zoonotic subtypes to humans.

Study Background and Methodology

  • The researchers sought to explore the prevalence and variety of Blastocystis subtypes in horses across different regions in Colombia. Blastocystis is a common intestinal microorganism in many species, including human and animals, with different subtype presentations.
  • The study focused on horses spanning ages 1 month to 17 years across Sabana de Bogotá, Costa Atlántica, Llanos Orientales, and Bogotá D.C.
  • They collected 185 fecal samples from these horses for testing.
  • The presence and identification of Blastocystis as well as its subtypes were determined using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and next-generation amplicon sequencing, methods widely used for detecting and understanding genetic material.

Key Findings

  • Of the samples collected, 43.8% were found to be positive for Blastocystis. These positive cases were spread across all sampled regions.
  • Twelve subtypes of Blastocystis were identified from molecular characterization. These included ten known subtypes, specifically ST1, ST3-ST6, ST10, ST14, ST25, ST26 and two novel subtypes, ST33 and ST34.
  • The validity of the new subtypes was confirmed through phylogenetic and pairwise distance analyses, techniques used to examine genetic differences and evolutionary relationships among species or populations.
  • Infections with multiple Blastocystis subtypes were common, found in 55.6% of the cases observed.
  • The most prevalent subtype in horses was the ST10, present in 82.8% of Blastocystis-positive samples.
  • Interestingly, potentially zoonotic subtypes – those that can be transmitted from animals to humans – were identified in 88.9% of the Blastocystis-positive horses.

Implications of the Study

  • This study provides the most comprehensive analysis of Blastocystis in horses to date. Understanding the prevalence and variety of Blastocystis subtypes in horses is especially important since horses could act as reservoirs for the parasite, aiding its transmission to humans.
  • The discovery of new subtypes broadens our understanding of Blastocystis diversification. The high prevalence of multiple, potentially zoonotic Blastocystis infections in horses discovered by this study highlights the potential risk of transmission from horses to humans.

Cite This Article

APA
Baek S, Maloney JG, Molokin A, George NS, Cortés Vecino JA, Santin M. (2022). Diversity of Blastocystis Subtypes in Horses in Colombia and Identification of Two New Subtypes. Microorganisms, 10(9), 1693. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10091693

Publication

Microorganisms
ISSN: 2076-2607
NlmUniqueID: 101625893
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 10
Issue: 9
PII: 1693

Researcher Affiliations

Baek, Sohyeong
  • Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
Maloney, Jenny G
  • Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
Molokin, Aleksey
  • Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
George, Nadja S
  • Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
Cortés Vecino, Jesús A
  • Laboratorio de Parasitología Veterinaria, Departamento de Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia-Sede Bogotá, Bogotá D.C. 111321, Colombia.
Santin, Monica
  • Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.

Grant Funding

  • 8042-32000-112-00-D / United States Department of Agriculture

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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