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Virology1993; 195(2); 700-709; doi: 10.1006/viro.1993.1421

Diversity within natural populations of eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus.

Abstract: We evaluated genetic and phenotypic diversity within natural populations of the alphavirus, Eastern equine encephalomyelitis (EEE) virus. RNA fingerprinting revealed that most populations within infected hosts (unpassaged isolates) contained a consensus genotype along with minority genotypes differing in one to three T1-resistant oligonucleotides. Mutation frequencies appeared to be similar to those reported for other RNA viruses, suggesting that the slow rate of EEE virus evolution is not limited by fidelity of genome replication. Within a given year, genetic diversity was generally greater among geographically distant isolates than among those from the same transmission focus, suggesting that dispersal among EEE viruses in North America is not complete annually. Two of three bird isolates from Maryland and New York contained relatively distantly related genotypes, differing in 15-19 oligonucleotides. A 1985 mosquito isolate from Maryland contained stable, small plaque variants which comprised the majority of that population. These small plaque variants differed by up to eight T1-resistant oligonucleotides when compared with their large plaque counterparts. Temperature sensitive virus was not detected in six unpassaged mosquito isolates from Maryland and New York.
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Publication Date: 1993-08-01 PubMed ID: 8101674DOI: 10.1006/viro.1993.1421Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support
  • U.S. Gov't
  • P.H.S.

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research paper investigates the genetic and phenotypic diversity within the natural populations of Eastern equine encephalomyelitis (EEE) virus. The study found varying genotypes within the virus population and suggested that the virus’s slow evolution rate is not restricted by the precision of genome replication.

Research Methodology

  • The researchers used a technique called RNA fingerprinting to identify the genetic makeup of a population of EEE viruses.
  • They examined virus populations from various infected hosts, known in the study as “unpassaged isolates.”
  • To gauge genetic diversity, the study compared virus isolates from different geographic locations.
  • Moreover, researchers analyzed the genetic differences between large plaque and small plaque variants within a single mosquito sample.

Findings and Observations

  • The study found that each host population typically contained a dominant genotype, alongside a few minority genotypes. These minority genotypes were found to have a difference of one to three T1-resistant oligonucleotides from the consensus genotype.
  • The mutation rate seen in the EEE virus was found to be similar to the mutation rates of other RNA viruses, suggesting that the slow evolution of the EEE virus is not due to the fidelity of genome replication.
  • Genetic diversity was found to be larger among isolates that were geographically distant from each other compared to those from the same transmission focus. This implies that the spread of EEE virus across North America is not entirely accomplished annually.
  • Notably, some bird isolates showed a high degree of genetic diversity, varying by 15 to 19 oligonucleotides.
  • The team also discovered small plaque variants in a 1985 mosquito sample, which differed from their large plaque counterparts by up to eight T1-resistant oligonucleotides.

Implications and Future Directions

  • These findings highlight the genetic and phenotypic diversity existing within natural populations of the EEE virus. Such diversity could potentially impact the spread, virulence, and evolutionary trajectory of this virus.
  • Comprehending the factors influencing this genetic diversity and identifying specific mutation patterns could contribute to improved surveillance techniques and more effective control measures against the EEE virus.

Cite This Article

APA
Weaver SC, Bellew LA, Gousset L, Repik PM, Scott TW, Holland JJ. (1993). Diversity within natural populations of eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus. Virology, 195(2), 700-709. https://doi.org/10.1006/viro.1993.1421

Publication

Virology
ISSN: 0042-6822
NlmUniqueID: 0110674
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 195
Issue: 2
Pages: 700-709

Researcher Affiliations

Weaver, S C
  • Department of Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093.
Bellew, L A
    Gousset, L
      Repik, P M
        Scott, T W
          Holland, J J

            MeSH Terms

            • Amino Acid Sequence
            • Animals
            • Base Sequence
            • Cell Line
            • Culicidae
            • DNA, Viral
            • Encephalitis Virus, Eastern Equine / genetics
            • Genetic Variation
            • Molecular Sequence Data
            • Phenotype
            • Quail
            • RNA, Viral

            Grant Funding

            • AI14627 / NIAID NIH HHS
            • AI22119 / NIAID NIH HHS
            • AI26787 / NIAID NIH HHS

            Citations

            This article has been cited 24 times.
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