Dose titration of moxidectin oral gel against gastrointestinal parasites of ponies.
Abstract: Moxidectin was tested as an oral gel formulation during a controlled test performed to evaluate dosages against equine gastrointestinal parasites. Four groups of ten ponies were used. Ponies ranged from 1 to 20 years of age and were naturally infected in southern Louisiana or Mississippi. Fecal exams and fecal cultures were performed on all ponies to determine the strongyle egg counts and the percent distributions of large and small strongyles. Following these determinations, ponies were allocated to replicates of four ponies to provide an even distribution of strongyle infection, age, weight and gender. Members of each replicate were then randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups. The doses tested were 300, 400 and 500 micrograms kg-1 body weight. The oral gel vehicle alone served as control. Treatments were administered behind the tongue and the ponies were observed continuously for 4 h for any adverse reactions; thereafter, ponies were observed at least twice daily. Necropsy examinations were performed 14 days post-treatment for the recovery and identification of any parasites present. Moxidectin, at all doses tested, was 100% efficacious against adults of Strongylus vulgaris, Strongylus edentatus, Triodontophorus spp. and 22 species of small strongyles. Moxidectin was also 100% efficacious against larvae of Strongylus edentatus and Oxyuris equi, greater than 94% efficacious against Strongylus vulgaris larvae and Oxyuris equi adults at 14 days post-treatment. Moxidectin proved highly efficacious against luminal small strongyle larvae (> 99.9% against L4 and > 92% against L3) and moxidectin demonstrated some efficacy against encysted small strongyle larvae as well.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Publication Date: 1995-10-01 PubMed ID: 8533282DOI: 10.1016/0304-4017(94)00762-2Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Clinical Trial
- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
- Randomized Controlled Trial
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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This research examined the effectiveness of different doses of moxidectin oral gel in treating gastrointestinal parasites in ponies. It found that all doses tested were 100% effective against certain types of parasites, and showed efficacy against others.
Research Design and Experiment Groups
- The study involved testing moxidectin oral gel in a controlled experiment with four groups of ten ponies each. These ponies ranged from 1 to 20 years of age and were naturally infected in southern Louisiana or Mississippi.
- Each group of ponies was carefully selected and monitored to control for variables such as age, weight, and gender, and to ensure an even distribution of strongyle infection (a common type of equine parasite).
- Ponies were observed following treatment for any adverse reactions, and necropsy examinations were performed 14 days post-treatment for the recovery and identification of any parasites present.
Moxidectin Dosage
- The different doses of moxidectin tested were 300, 400, and 500 micrograms per kilogram of body weight. The oral gel was administered behind the tongue of the ponies.
- A control group was treated with the oral gel vehicle alone (without the active ingredient, moxidectin).
Effectiveness of Moxidectin
- The results showed that moxidectin, at all doses tested, was 100% efficacious against adults of Strongylus vulgaris, Strongylus edentatus, Triodontophorus spp. and 22 species of small strongyles.
- Moxidectin was also 100% efficacious against larvae of Strongylus edentatus and Oxyuris equi, and showed significant efficacy (>94%) against Strongylus vulgaris larvae and Oxyuris equi adults 14 days post-treatment.
- The study also demonstrated that moxidectin was highly effective against luminal small strongyle larvae (more than 99.9% effective against L4 and over 92% effective against L3) and showed some efficacy against encysted small strongyle larvae as well.
Conclusion
- In this controlled test, moxidectin oral gel proved to be highly efficacious in treating various gastrointestinal parasites in ponies. All doses tested showed 100% efficacy against certain types of parasites, and significant efficacy against others.
- These findings suggest that moxidectin could be an effective treatment for gastrointestinal parasitic infections in ponies, with potential implications for broader equine health management.
Cite This Article
APA
Monahan CM, Chapman MR, French DD, Taylor HW, Klei TR.
(1995).
Dose titration of moxidectin oral gel against gastrointestinal parasites of ponies.
Vet Parasitol, 59(3-4), 241-248.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4017(94)00762-2 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70803, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Anthelmintics / administration & dosage
- Anthelmintics / therapeutic use
- Anti-Bacterial Agents
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Equidae
- Female
- Gastrointestinal Diseases / drug therapy
- Gastrointestinal Diseases / parasitology
- Gastrointestinal Diseases / veterinary
- Gels
- Helminthiasis / drug therapy
- Helminthiasis, Animal
- Macrolides / administration & dosage
- Macrolides / therapeutic use
- Male
- Oxyuriasis / drug therapy
- Oxyuriasis / veterinary
- Strongylida Infections / drug therapy
- Strongylida Infections / veterinary
- Strongylus / isolation & purification
Citations
This article has been cited 5 times.- Macdonald SL, Abbas G, Ghafar A, Gauci CG, Bauquier J, El-Hage C, Tennent-Brown B, Wilkes EJA, Beasley A, Jacobson C, Cudmore L, Carrigan P, Hurley J, Beveridge I, Hughes KJ, Nielsen MK, Jabbar A. Egg reappearance periods of anthelmintics against equine cyathostomins: The state of play revisited. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist 2023 Apr;21:28-39.
- Cobb R, Boeckh A. Moxidectin: a review of chemistry, pharmacokinetics and use in horses. Parasit Vectors 2009 Sep 25;2 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):S5.
- Glover ID, Henry GM, Townsend NB, Coles GC. Mechanical recovery of inhibited cyathostomin larvae from equine intestinal tissue. Parasitol Res 2009 Aug;105(2):587-9.
- Elsener J, Villeneuve A. Comparative long-term efficacy of ivermectin and moxidectin over winter in Canadian horses treated at removal from pastures for winter housing. Can Vet J 2009 May;50(5):486-90.
- Nielsen MK. Anthelmintic resistance in equine nematodes: Current status and emerging trends. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist 2022 Dec;20:76-88.
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