Effect of antigenic exposure on airway smooth muscle remodeling in an equine model of chronic asthma.
Abstract: Recent studies suggest that airway smooth muscle remodeling is an early event in asthma, but whether it remains a dynamic process late in the course of the disease is unknown. Moreover, little is known about the effects of an antigenic exposure on chronically established smooth muscle remodeling. We measured the effects of antigenic exposure on airway smooth muscle in the central and peripheral airways of horses with heaves, a naturally occurring airway disease that shares similarities with chronic asthma. Heaves-affected horses (n = 6) and age-matched control horses (n = 5) were kept on pasture before being exposed to indoor antigens for 30 days to induce airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction. Peripheral lung and endobronchial biopsies were collected before and after antigenic exposure by thoracoscopy and bronchoscopy, respectively. Immunohistochemistry and enzymatic labeling were used for morphometric analyses of airway smooth muscle mass and proliferative and apoptotic myocytes. In the peripheral airways, heaves-affected horses had twice as much smooth muscle as control horses. Remodeling was associated with smooth muscle hyperplasia and in situ proliferation, without reduced apoptosis. Further antigenic exposure had no effect on the morphometric data. In central airways, proliferating myocytes were increased compared with control horses only after antigenic exposure. Peripheral airway smooth muscle mass is stable in chronically affected animals subjected to antigenic exposure. This increased mass is maintained in a dynamic equilibrium by an elevated cellular turnover, suggesting that targeting smooth muscle proliferation could be effective at decreasing chronic remodeling.
Publication Date: 2010-10-08 PubMed ID: 20935189DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2010-0300OCGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The article studies the effects of exposure to antigens on the remodeling of airway smooth muscles in horses suffering from ‘heaves,’ a disease similar to chronic asthma in humans. This research reveals that the swelling of airway muscles is a constant process in animals dealing with chronic reactive airway conditions, suggesting that therapies aimed at reducing muscle proliferation could minimize long-term remodeling.
Introduction and Methodology
- The research compares the airway smooth muscles of horses affected with ‘heaves’ – a disease that closely mirrors human chronic asthma – with control horses.
- Horses affected with ‘heaves’ (n=6) and age-matched control horses (n=5) were introduced to antigens for 30 days to cause airway inflammation and constrained breathing.
- Biopsies of peripheral lung and endobronchial tissues were collected before and after antigen exposure through thoracoscopy and bronchoscopy.
- Methods such as immunohistochemistry and enzymatic labeling were used for morphometric analyses of airway smooth muscle mass and the proliferation and death of myocytes (muscle cells).
Findings and Conclusion
- In the peripheral airways of heaves-affected horses, there was double the amount of smooth muscle compared to the control horses.
- The remodeling was seen in association with hyperplasia (abnormal multiplication) of smooth muscles and in-situ proliferation, without a reduction in apoptosis (cell death).
- Further exposure to antigens did not affect these morphometric data.
- In the central airways, the number of proliferating myocytes was higher compared to control horses only after exposure to antigens.
- The peripheral airway smooth muscle mass is stable in chronically affected animals after being exposed to antigens.
- The increased mass is maintained by a higher cell turnover, which indicates that therapies aiming to reduce muscle cell proliferation may be effective in reducing chronic remodeling.
Cite This Article
APA
Leclere M, Lavoie-Lamoureux A, Gélinas-Lymburner E, David F, Martin JG, Lavoie JP.
(2010).
Effect of antigenic exposure on airway smooth muscle remodeling in an equine model of chronic asthma.
Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol, 45(1), 181-187.
https://doi.org/10.1165/rcmb.2010-0300OC Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- DVM, Département de Sciences Cliniques, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, 3200 Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, Q J2S 7C6, Canada.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antigens / immunology
- Antigens / pharmacology
- Asthma / immunology
- Asthma / metabolism
- Asthma / pathology
- Asthma / veterinary
- Bronchi / immunology
- Bronchi / metabolism
- Bronchi / pathology
- Cell Proliferation
- Chronic Disease
- Disease Models, Animal
- Horse Diseases / immunology
- Horse Diseases / metabolism
- Horse Diseases / pathology
- Horses
- Hyperplasia
- Muscle, Smooth / immunology
- Muscle, Smooth / metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth / pathology
Citations
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