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Home / Equine Research Bank / J Vet Intern Med / Effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on tr...
Journal of veterinary internal medicine2024; 38(5); 2758-2765; doi: 10.1111/jvim.17194

Effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on trigeminal-mediated headshaking in 17 horses.

Abstract: Trigeminal-mediated headshaking is a neuropathic facial pain condition in horses. No treatment has been entirely successful. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is used in human medicine as a treatment for various neuropathic pain conditions, and good results have been achieved in cases of trigeminal neuralgia. Objective: Apply rTMS to horses with trigeminal-mediated headshaking (TMHS) and to evaluate tolerability, application of the setting, and success rate. Methods: Seventeen horses with nonseasonal signs of TMHS. Methods: Other underlying causes of headshaking were ruled out. The rTMS was performed under standing sedation on 5 consecutive days applying 3 sets of 500 stimulations each, with a stimulation strength of 5 Hz. Horses were evaluated on Day 1 (t0) and Day 5 (t1) of the treatment and 2 (t2) and 4 weeks (t3) afterwards using a special scoring system. Results: The rTMS was well tolerated. Headshaking signs during exercise were decreased by 70% (Day 5; t1). Four weeks after rTMS, signs were still decreased (mean reduction of 50%) during exercise. Improvement of mean resting and exercise scores was significant (P < .05) and effect sizes between pretreatment and all time points after treatment (t1, t2, t3) were large (>±0.8). Conclusions: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation may be a promising treatment for neuropathic pain and headshaking in affected horses. Pain-free periods after treatment differ individually, and repeated treatment may be necessary. More studies should be performed to determine ideal settings for horses.
© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
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Publication Date: 2024-09-12 PubMed ID: 39264234PubMed Central: PMC11423477DOI: 10.1111/jvim.17194Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research explores the effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on horses suffering from trigeminal-mediated headshaking, a kind of facial pain caused by nerve damage. The study concluded that rTMS could potentially be a promising treatment for such conditions in horses.

Research Objective and Methodology

  • The primary objective of this study was to administer rTMS treatment to horses suffering from trigeminal-mediated headshaking and assess their tolerance levels, the applicability of the setup, and the success rate of the procedure.
  • The study assembled a sample size of seventeen horses showing nonseasonal signs of trigeminal-mediated headshaking. Other possible causes of headshaking in the horses were ruled out before the commencement of the study.
  • The rTMS treatment was administered under standing sedation for five consecutive days with a regime of 3 sets of 500 stimulations each day, and an intensity of 5 Hz.
  • The horses were examined before and after the treatment at intervals of Day 1 (t0), Day 5 (t1), two weeks after (t2), and four weeks after (t3) the treatment using a specific scoring system.

Research Results

  • The horses were found to tolerate rTMS well, and by Day 5, the signs of headshaking during exercise decreased by 70%. This significant reduction further persisted even after four weeks of the treatment.
  • The study determined a noteworthy (P < .05) improvement in the resting and exercise scores of the horses. Additionally, the effect sizes (the measure of absolute effect of the treatment) between pre and post treatment points were found significant, i.e., greater than ±0.8.

Research Conclusion

  • The study concluded that rTMS could be a potential and promising treatment for neuropathic pain and headshaking in horses.
  • However, the duration of pain-free periods attained differed amongst individuals, suggesting that repeated treatment may be necessary in certain cases.
  • The researchers recommended further studies to determine the ideal settings for applying rTMS treatment in horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Franzen V, Gruber NA, Klußmann S, Schoster A, May A. (2024). Effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on trigeminal-mediated headshaking in 17 horses. J Vet Intern Med, 38(5), 2758-2765. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.17194

Publication

Journal of veterinary internal medicine
ISSN: 1939-1676
NlmUniqueID: 8708660
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 38
Issue: 5
Pages: 2758-2765

Researcher Affiliations

Franzen, Vanessa
  • Equine Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany.
Gruber, Nina Alexandra
  • Equine Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany.
Klußmann, Sven
  • Equine Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany.
Schoster, Angelika
  • Equine Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany.
May, Anna
  • Equine Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Horses
  • Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation / veterinary
  • Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation / methods
  • Horse Diseases / therapy
  • Female
  • Male
  • Head
  • Trigeminal Neuralgia / therapy
  • Trigeminal Neuralgia / veterinary

Conflict of Interest Statement

Authors declare no conflict of interest.

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