Effects of α2-adrenergic drugs on small intestinal motility in the horse: an in vitro study.
Abstract: The effects of selective α(2)-agonists (xylazine, detomidine and medetomidine) and antagonists (yohimbine and atipamezole) on in vitro small intestine motility in the horse were evaluated. Samples of equine jejunum were placed in isolated organ baths and drug-induced modifications of motility were measured by means of an isotonic transducer. All tested α(2)-agonists dose-dependently reduced both spontaneous and electrically-evoked phasic contractions. Conversely, α(2)-antagonists were ineffective when tested alone, and showed a heterogeneous and dose-independent ability to inhibit agonist activity. In particular, the antagonism exerted by higher concentrations of both yohimbine and atipamezole against α(2)-agonists was weaker than when lower concentrations were used. The data are indicative of the presence of both pre- and post-synaptic α(2)-adrenoceptors with inhibitory activity on equine jejunum motility, and support a possible therapeutic utility of these drugs in horse intestinal disorders associated with hypermotility.
Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2010-01-22 PubMed ID: 20093057DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2009.12.015Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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This study examines the impact of particular drugs on the movement of the small intestine in horses. The research found that these drugs have potential for treatment of certain horse intestinal disorders.
Objective of the Research
- The primary intent of the study was to investigate the effects of selective α(2)-agonists and antagonists drugs on horse’s small intestine motility in an in vitro environment.
Methodology
- Samples of equine jejunum (a part of the horse’s small intestine) were placed in isolated organ baths.
- The changes in motility as a result of the given drugs were recorded using an isotonic transducer.
- Three types of α(2)-agonists drugs (xylazine, detomidine, and medetomidine) and two types of antagonists drugs (yohimbine and atipamezole) were tested.
- Both spontaneous and electrically-evoked phasic contractions of the samples were observed under the influence of these drugs.
Findings
- All tested α(2)-agonists reduced the spontaneous and electrically-evoked phasic contractions in a dose-dependent manner.
- In contrast, α(2)-antagonists were ineffective when tested alone and only exhibited a heterogeneous and dose-independent ability to inhibit the agonist activity.
- Notably, the high concentrations of both yohimbine and atipamezole showed weaker antagonism against α(2)-agonists than when lower concentrations were used.
Implications and Conclusions
- The data from this study indicates the presence of both pre- and post-synaptic α(2)-adrenoceptors with inhibitory activity on equine jejunum motility.
- This discovery hints at a potential therapeutic use of these drugs in treating horse intestinal disorders associated with hypermotility.
Cite This Article
APA
Zullian C, Menozzi A, Pozzoli C, Poli E, Bertini S.
(2010).
Effects of α2-adrenergic drugs on small intestinal motility in the horse: an in vitro study.
Vet J, 187(3), 342-346.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2009.12.015 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Animal Health, University of Parma, Parma 43126, Italy.
MeSH Terms
- Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists / pharmacology
- Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists / pharmacology
- Animals
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Gastrointestinal Motility / drug effects
- Horses / physiology
- In Vitro Techniques
- Male
Citations
This article has been cited 5 times.- Verhaar N, Hoppe S, Grages AM, Hansen K, Neudeck S, Kästner S, Mazzuoli-Weber G. Dexmedetomidine Has Differential Effects on the Contractility of Equine Jejunal Smooth Muscle Layers In Vitro.. Animals (Basel) 2023 Mar 10;13(6).
- Abass M, Ibrahim H, Salci H, Hamed MA. Evaluation of the effect of different sedative doses of dexmedetomidine on the intestinal motility in clinically healthy donkeys (Equus asinus).. BMC Vet Res 2022 Jul 14;18(1):274.
- Gold JR, Grubb TL, Green S, Cox S, Villarino NF. Plasma disposition of gabapentin after the intragastric administration of escalating doses to adult horses.. J Vet Intern Med 2020 Mar;34(2):933-940.
- Tapio H, Raekallio MR, Mykkänen A, Männikkö S, Scheinin M, Bennett RC, Vainio O. Effects of vatinoxan on cardiorespiratory function and gastrointestinal motility during constant-rate medetomidine infusion in standing horses.. Equine Vet J 2019 Sep;51(5):646-652.
- Fielding CL. Practical Fluid Therapy and Treatment Modalities for Field Conditions for Horses and Foals with Gastrointestinal Problems.. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2018 Apr;34(1):155-168.
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