Effects of 5% and 10% guaifenesin infusion on equine vascular endothelium.

The research article focuses on the effects of different concentrations of guaifenesin infusion on the vascular endothelium of horses. The study specifically investigates the incidence of thrombus formation after infusion with guaifenesin.

Research Methodology

The subjects of the study were twelve horses of different breeds and genders. They were anesthetized using xylazine and ketamine which were administered into a median or lateral thoracic vein. The horses were placed in sternal recumbency during anesthesia.

• An 8.9 cm, 14-gauge catheter was inserted into each of the jugular veins of the horses, using aseptic technique.
• Guaifenesin diluted in water, either at a concentration of 5% or 10%, was infused into one of the jugular veins. The other vein received an equal volume of a 0.9% saline solution.
• Of the twelve horses, seven were given 10% guaifenesin while the remaining five received a 5% solution. The highest dose was a maximum of 50 grams or 100 mg/kg.
• Before the horses awakened from the anesthesia, the catheters were removed.

Post-Treatment Procedure and Findings

Approximately 48 hours after the treatment, the horses were euthanized and their jugular veins were extracted for histological examination.

• The examination revealed the presence of adherent thrombus material in all veins that were exposed to the 10% guaifenesin. In addition, one vein exposed to 5% guaifenesin was also observed to have thrombus.
• No thrombus was found in the four veins that were infused with the 5% guaifenesin or those that received the saline solution.

Conclusion and Significance

In conclusion, the study found that guaifenesin, especially at a concentration of 10%, could lead to thrombus formation in the jugular vein of horses. This finding is significant, considering the implications it might have for horses that are at an increased risk for thrombosis or thrombophlebitis. It suggests that the use of guaifenesin should be carefully considered in such horses.