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PeerJ2019; 7; e8053; doi: 10.7717/peerj.8053

Effects of a blend of green tea and curcuma extract supplementation on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in horses and ponies.

Abstract: In horses and ponies numerous medical conditions are known to be linked with inflammation in different tissues, especially in the liver. Besides affecting other metabolic pathways such as the expression of certain interleukins (IL), inflammation is associated with stress of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In particular, ER stress leads to adaptive stress response and can be measured by several markers of inflammatory and stress signalling pathways, like nuclear factor κB (NF-kB). Objective: To investigate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory reactions and their modulation in horses and ponies by feeding a polyphenol-rich supplement consisting of green tea and curcuma. Methods: In a cross-over study, 11 animals were allocated to either a placebo or a supplement group and supplemented with 10 g of a blend of green tea and curcuma extract (GCE) or a placebo (calcium carbonate) once daily. After 21 days of supplementation, all animals underwent a LPS challenge to induce moderate systemic inflammation. Blood samples and liver biopsies were taken at standardized time points: 24 hours before and 12 hours after LPS challenge. Inflammatory blood parameters such as serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobin and retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) were measured in serum. Hepatic mRNA levels of selected markers of inflammation such as were quantified by RT-qPCR. In addition, liver biopsies were examined histologically for inflammatory alterations. Results: Blood markers of acute inflammatory response increased after LPS challenge. In the liver, the proinflammatory cytokine showed significantly lower mRNA levels after LPS challenge in the supplemented group ( = 0.04) compared to the placebo group. Levels of the hepatic mRNA increased significantly in the placebo group ( = 0.04). There were no significant differences between supplemented and placebo groups concerning other markers of inflammation and markers of ER stress within the liver. The number of hepatic macrophages were not different after LPS challenge in both feeding groups. Conclusions: LPS was able to induce inflammation but seemed less suitable to induce ER stress in the horses and ponies. The polyphenol-rich supplement showed some potential to reduce inflammatory responses. Nevertheless, the supplementation did not exert an overall anti-inflammatory effect in horses and ponies.
©2019 Starzonek et al.
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Publication Date: 2019-11-12 PubMed ID: 31741800PubMed Central: PMC6857679DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8053Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study aimed to explore the effects of a polyphenol-rich dietary supplement composed of green tea and curcuma, on inflammation provoked by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) within horses and ponies.

Research Focus

  • This research focused on the inflammatory reactions in horses and ponies, particularly those induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
  • The study aimed to determine whether these inflammatory reactions could be moderated by feeding horses and ponies a polyphenol-rich supplement made from green tea and curcuma.

Methodology

  • In this cross-over experiment, 11 horses and ponies were either given a blend of green tea and curcuma extract (GCE) or a placebo (calcium carbonate), once daily.
  • A moderate systemic inflammation was induced in all animals through an LPS challenge after 21 days of supplementation.
  • Blood samples and liver biopsies were taken at regulated intervals – 24 hours prior and 12 hours after the LPS challenge.
  • Blood biomarkers of acute inflammation, and hepatic mRNA levels of selected inflammation indicators were evaluated, in addition to a microscopic examination of the liver biopsies for inflammatory modifications.

Results

  • Following the LPS challenge, an increase in the blood markers of acute inflammatory reaction was seen.
  • In the animal group supplemented with GCE, the mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the biopsied liver samples showed a significant decrease post-LPS challenge as compared to the placebo group.
  • Levels of hepatic mRNA increased significantly in the placebo group.
  • The liver biopsies showed no significant differences concerning other markers of inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress between the supplemented and placebo groups.
  • The count of hepatic macrophages showed no variation after the LPS challenge in both groups.

Conclusions

  • The LPS was proven capable of provoking inflammation but it was not adequate in inducing ER stress in horses and ponies.
  • The polyphenol-rich dietary supplement revealed potential in reducing inflammatory responses, but did not show an overall anti-inflammatory effect in the subjects.

Cite This Article

APA
Starzonek J, Roscher K, Blüher M, Blaue D, Schedlbauer C, Hirz M, Raila J, Vervuert I. (2019). Effects of a blend of green tea and curcuma extract supplementation on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in horses and ponies. PeerJ, 7, e8053. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8053

Publication

PeerJ
ISSN: 2167-8359
NlmUniqueID: 101603425
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 7
Pages: e8053
PII: e8053

Researcher Affiliations

Starzonek, Janine
  • Institute of Animal Nutrition, Nutrition Diseases and Dietetics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany.
Roscher, Katja
  • Equine Clinic, Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Hesse, Germany.
Blüher, Matthias
  • Division of Endocrinology and Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany.
Blaue, Dominique
  • Institute of Animal Nutrition, Nutrition Diseases and Dietetics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany.
Schedlbauer, Carola
  • Institute of Animal Nutrition, Nutrition Diseases and Dietetics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany.
Hirz, Manuela
  • Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Hesse, Germany.
Raila, Jens
  • Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal Bergholz-Rehbrücke, Brandenburg, Germany.
Vervuert, Ingrid
  • Institute of Animal Nutrition, Nutrition Diseases and Dietetics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare there are no competing interests.

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Citations

This article has been cited 3 times.
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