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Acta veterinaria Scandinavica1998; 39(2); 265-272; doi: 10.1186/BF03547798

Effects of differently composed feeds and physical stress on plasma gastrin concentration in horses.

Abstract: Plasma gastrin concentrations were determined in 6 Standardbreds (4 geldings and 2 mares) after 3 different meals consisting of unlimited amounts of hay (8-9 kg per horse), a restricted amount of hay (0.6 kg/100 kg body-weight) and grain (0.2 kg/100 kg body-weight) in combination or of grain alone (0.2 kg/100 kg body-weight). In another series of experiments the possible role of gastrin as a stress hormone was investigated. Plasma gastrin and cortisol concentrations were determined during fasting and compared with concentrations during hay feeding. In addition, gastrin and cortisol concentrations were determined before, during and after 2 kinds of physical exercise on a treadmill. Meal stimulation significantly increased the plasma gastrin concentration, irrespective of the meal composition. An immediate and large increase in plasma gastrin concentration was found when voluminous meals were given, whereas a small meal evoked a later onset of gastrin release, suggesting that gastric distention plays an important role in inducing gastrin release during a meal. Meals consisting of grain seem to evoke a slower onset and then a more prolonged gastrin response than a hay meal, possibly due to different emptying rates of the stomach. Nervous excitation may play a minor role in the activation of gastrin release in horses. No experimental support was obtained for the idea that gastrin acts as a stress hormone in the horse. Plasmagastrinkoncentrationen bestämdes hos sex varmblodiga tråvare (4 valackar och 2 ston) efter 3 olika utfodringar bestående av obegränsad mängd hö (8-9 kg per häst), en begränsad mängd hö (0.6 kg/100 kg kroppsvikt) och havre (0.2 kg/100 kg kroppsvikt) i kombination eller av enbart havre (0.2 kg/100 kg kroppsvikt). I en annan serie försök undersöktes gastrinets eventuella roll som stresshormon. Plasmagastrin och kortisol koncentrationerna bestämdes under fasta och jämfördes med motsvarande tidpunkter efter höutfodring. Gastrin och kortisol bestämdes även under 2 olika former av fysiskt arbete på en rullande matta. Plasmagastrinkoncentrationerna ökade signifikant (p<0.01) efter utfodring, oberoende av utfodringstyp. Den högsta och mest långvariga gastrinsekretionen sågs när hästarna hade fri tillgång till hö. Den kombinerade utfodringen med havre och hö gav ungefär lika höga koncentrationer av gastrin i plasma som enbart hö, men durationen av gastrinsekretionen var kortare. När enbart havre gavs sågs däremot en fördröjd igångsättning, men förlängd frisättning av gastrin. Resultaten ger stöd för följande slutsatser och tolkningar. Måltidsstimulering frisätter gastrin hos häst, oberoende av om kraft- eller grovfoder ges. Distention av magsäcken är viktig som gastrinfrisättande faktor under den gastriska fasen av stimuleringen. Det fördröjda gastrinsvaret efter det att en relativt liten mängd havre hade givits kan tyda på att distentionen under denna typ av utfodring inte räckte till för att omedelbart frisätta gastrin. Den initialt uteblivna gastrinstegringen i detta experiment kan även indikera att nervös stimulering spelar en mindre roll vid aktiveringen av gastrinfrisättningen hos häst. Det förlängda svaret av gastrinsekretionen efter havreutfodring är förmodligen orsakat av en långsammare magsäckstömning. Gastrin synes inte fungera som ett stresshormon hos häst. De högre kortisolkoncentrationerna under fasta och fysisk aktivitet kan innebära att kortisol deltar i aktiveringen av den katabola metabolismen i samband med fasta och fysiskt arbete, snarare än att hästen upplever något obehagligt.
Publication Date: 1998-10-27 PubMed ID: 9787489PubMed Central: PMC8050661DOI: 10.1186/BF03547798Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Comparative Study
  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The study explored how different feed compositions and physical stress affect the concentration of gastrin in horses’ blood. The research indicated that the horse’s plasma gastrin concentration changes based on the type and volume of a meal, instead of the composition of the meal or the existence of physical stress.

Experimental Design and Study Cohort

  • In the study, six Standardbred horses (including four geldings and two mares) were fed three different types of meals. The eaten amounts ranged from unrestricted amounts of hay to restricted portions of hay and grain and only grain.
  • Additionally, the horses underwent two types of physical exercise on a treadmill to evaluate the possibility of gastrin acting as a stress hormone.

Outcomes of the Research

  • The researchers discovered that meal stimulation significantly increased gastrin concentration in plasma. The scale of the increase, however, was independent of the meal’s composition.
  • The experiment found that larger meals prompted an immediate and extensive increase in gastrin concentration within the blood, suggesting that gastric distention plays a substantial role in inducing gastrin during meals.
  • Grain-rich meals caused a slower but more prolonged gastrin response than hay meals, most likely due to different stomach emptying rates.
  • The research indicated limited evidence that nervous excitement plays a minor part in activating gastrin release.

Significance of Gastrin and Cortisol

  • Despite common belief, the study found no evidence that horses’ gastrin acts as a stress hormone. However, cortisol, another hormone, showed heightened levels during fasting and strenuous physical activity, indicating its possible role in activating metabolism during these periods. It does not imply that the horse experiences discomfort.

Cite This Article

APA
Sandin A, Girma K, Sjöholm B, Lindholm A, Nilsson G. (1998). Effects of differently composed feeds and physical stress on plasma gastrin concentration in horses. Acta Vet Scand, 39(2), 265-272. https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03547798

Publication

ISSN: 0044-605X
NlmUniqueID: 0370400
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 39
Issue: 2
Pages: 265-272

Researcher Affiliations

Sandin, A
  • Department of Animal Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden. Andreas.Sandin@djfys.slu.se
Girma, K
    Sjöholm, B
      Lindholm, A
        Nilsson, G

          MeSH Terms

          • Animal Feed
          • Animals
          • Eating
          • Fasting
          • Female
          • Gastrins / blood
          • Horses
          • Hydrocortisone / blood
          • Male
          • Physical Conditioning, Animal
          • Stress, Physiological / blood
          • Stress, Physiological / veterinary

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