Effects of equine infectious anemia virus on hematopoietic progenitors in vitro.
Abstract: Direct effects of equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) on hematopoiesis in vitro were studied. Bone marrow mononuclear cells from clinically normal horses were incubated with 100 TCID50 of EIAV/10(7) cells. These cells were cultured to assay for colonies derived from erythroid progenitors, granulocyte/monocyte progenitors, and fibroblastic progenitors. The EIAV had a selective suppressive effect on the erythroid progenitors. Colony-forming units-erythroid were suppressed to 80% of that for medium controls (P = 0.011). Burst-forming units-erythroid were suppressed to 70% of that for medium controls (P = 0.003). Significant effect was not apparent on colony-forming units-granulocyte/macrophage or on colony-forming units-fibroblastic.
Publication Date: 1992-07-01 PubMed ID: 1323227
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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This study examines the impact of the equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) on blood cell production in vitro. The researchers found that EIAV significantly suppresses the creation of erythroid progenitor cells (early cells in the red blood cell development pathway), but doesn’t noticeably affect granulocyte, monocyte, or fibroblast progenitors.
Research Objective and Methodology
- The study aimed to understand the direct effects of the equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) on hematopoiesis (the creation of blood cells) using in vitro methods.
- Researchers incubated bone marrow mononuclear cells, derived from clinically normal horses, with 100 TCID50 of EIAV/10(7) cells (a certain viral concentration).
- The cells were then cultured and tested for colonies that originated from different cell progenitors: erythroid progenitors (which develop into red blood cells), granulocyte/monocyte progenitors (which form part of the immune system), and fibroblastic progenitors (cells which form fibrous connective tissue).
Key Findings
- The EIAV exerts a suppressive effect, specifically on the erythroid progenitors. These results indicate that the virus hampers the genesis of red blood cells.
- More specifically, colony-forming units-erythroid (CFU-E; early-stage cells that develop into red blood cells) were reduced to 80% of the count for medium controls, i.e., cells that were not exposed to EIAV (P = 0.011, indicating statistically significant suppression).
- Burst-forming units-erythroid (BFU-E; slightly later stages in red blood cell development) were diminished to 70% of the count for medium controls (P = 0.003, confirming a significant suppressive effect).
- However, the virus did not show a significant effect on the colony-forming units of granulocyte/macrophage or fibroblasts.
Implications
- The study illuminates how EIAV negatively impacts erythropoiesis (formation of red blood cells) which can lead to anemia in equines.
- Understanding these specific mechanisms of action can potentially help in generating targeted therapies for equine infectious anemia.
- The results also shed light on the potential effects of similar viral infections on hematopoiesis.
Cite This Article
APA
Swardson CJ, Kociba GJ, Perryman LE.
(1992).
Effects of equine infectious anemia virus on hematopoietic progenitors in vitro.
Am J Vet Res, 53(7), 1176-1179.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Bone Marrow Cells
- Cells, Cultured
- Fibroblasts / microbiology
- Granulocytes / microbiology
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells / microbiology
- Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine / physiology
- Macrophages / microbiology
Citations
This article has been cited 4 times.- Covaleda L, Fuller FJ, Payne SL. EIAV S2 enhances pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine response in infected macrophages.. Virology 2010 Feb 5;397(1):217-23.
- Crawford TB, Wardrop KJ, Tornquist SJ, Reilich E, Meyers KM, McGuire TC. A primary production deficit in the thrombocytopenia of equine infectious anemia.. J Virol 1996 Nov;70(11):7842-50.
- Sellon DC. Equine infectious anemia.. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 1993 Aug;9(2):321-36.
- Lichtenstein DL, Rushlow KE, Cook RF, Raabe ML, Swardson CJ, Kociba GJ, Issel CJ, Montelaro RC. Replication in vitro and in vivo of an equine infectious anemia virus mutant deficient in dUTPase activity.. J Virol 1995 May;69(5):2881-8.
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