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Home/Equine Research Bank/Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract/Equine infectious anemia.
The Veterinary clinics of North America. Equine practice1993; 9(2); 321-336; doi: 10.1016/s0749-0739(17)30399-1

Equine infectious anemia.

Abstract: The ability of EIAV to persistently infect horses in the face of a profound immune response by the host makes it a potentially devastating disease for the horse population of the United States. Its ability to evade host immune defenses by lying dormant in apparently healthy animals and by rapidly changing its antigenic determinants is proving to be a major obstacle to vaccine development. Because most infected horses appear clinically normal and a large proportion of horses in this country remain untested, the virus is not likely to be eradicated in the near future. Yet, for the same reason, because most horses infected with EIAV appear clinically normal, there is a tendency for the horse industry to become complacent in its efforts to control the virus. The cooperation of horse owners, veterinarians, and regulatory officials is necessary to keep the threat of EIA in check in the United States.
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Publication Date: 1993-08-01 PubMed ID: 8395326PubMed Central: PMC7126748DOI: 10.1016/s0749-0739(17)30399-1Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The study focuses on the persistence of Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIAV) infection in horses and its potential ramifications on the horse population in the United States. The research details the virus’s ability to evade immune defenses, posing challenges to vaccine development, and calls for cooperation among stakeholders to control the virus.

Understanding Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIAV)

  • EIAV is a virus that can infect horses on a persistent level. It has a profound impact on the host’s immune response and can present a potential threat to the horse population in the US.
  • What sets this virus apart is its ability to elude the host’s immune defenses in a unique manner. It does so by lying dormant in healthy-looking animals and rapidly altering its antigenic determinants—the specific parts of an antigen to which antibodies bind. This ability poses significant challenges to developing an effective vaccine for EIAV.

The Clinical Normality of Most Infected Horses

  • A concerning aspect of EIAV infection is that most infected horses appear to be clinically normal, leading to a significant proportion of undiscovered and therefore untreated cases in the country.
  • This seemingly healthy appearance of horses can lead to complacency among horse owners, veterinarians, and those in the horse industry, potentially slowing down efforts to control the spread of the virus.

The Necessity of Cooperative Efforts in Controlling EIAV

  • The study calls for collaboration among various stakeholders, such as horse owners, veterinarians, and regulatory officials, to ensure a comprehensive tackle of the EIAV threat in the US.
  • Despite the challenges presented by EIAV, effective management and control of the virus can be achieved through collective efforts and proactive intervention strategies, such as regular testing and monitoring and development of an effective vaccine.

The Future of EIAV

  • Given the factors discussed, the study asserts that it is improbable that EIAV will be eradicated in the near future.
  • However, it emphasizes the importance of remaining alert to the persistent threat that EIAV presents to the horse population in the United States and the need to continue efforts to curb its impact.

Cite This Article

APA
Sellon DC. (1993). Equine infectious anemia. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract, 9(2), 321-336. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0739(17)30399-1

Publication

The Veterinary clinics of North America. Equine practice
ISSN: 0749-0739
NlmUniqueID: 8511904
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 9
Issue: 2
Pages: 321-336

Researcher Affiliations

Sellon, D C
  • Department of Food Animal and Equine Medicine, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Equine Infectious Anemia / immunology
  • Equine Infectious Anemia / microbiology
  • Equine Infectious Anemia / transmission
  • Female
  • Horses
  • Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine / immunology
  • Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine / physiology
  • Pregnancy

Grant Funding

  • K11 AI00963 / NIAID NIH HHS

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