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PloS one2018; 13(5); e0197736; doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197736

Effects of medical ozone upon healthy equine joints: Clinical and laboratorial aspects.

Abstract: The aim of this study was to verify whether transient inflammatory reactions induced by intra-articular medicinal ozone administration affect joint components, by in vivo evaluation of inflammatory (prostaglandin E2, Substance P, Interleukin-6, Interleukine-1, Tumor Necrosis Factor), anti-inflammatory (Interleukin-10) and oxidative (superoxide dismutase activity and oxidative burst) biomarkers and extracellular matrix degradation products (chondroitin sulphate and hyaluronic acid) in synovial fluid. The effects of medicinal ozone were analyzed at two ozone concentrations (groups A and B, 20 and 40 μg/ml, respectively), using oxygen-injected joints as controls (group C); each group received ten treatments (15 ml gas per treatment). Physical evaluation, evaluation of lameness, ultrasonography, and synovial fluid analysis were performed. All joints presented mild and transient effusion throughout the study. Group B exhibited the highest lameness score on day 14 (P<0.05), detected by the lameness measurement system, probably because of the higher ozone concentration. All groups exhibited increased ultrasonography scores on day 14 (P < 0.05). Groups A and B exhibited increased proteins concentrations on day 21 (P<0.05). There was no change in hyaluronic acid concentration or the percentage of high-molecular weight hyaluronic acid throughout the experiment. Chondroitin sulfate concentrations decreased in group B, and did not change in group A and C, indicating that neither treatment provoked extracellular matrix catabolism. Cytokine and eicosanoid concentrations were not significantly changed. The ozonetherapy did not cause significant inflammation process or cartilage degradation, therefore, ozonetherapy is safe at both evaluated doses.
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Publication Date: 2018-05-29 PubMed ID: 29813093PubMed Central: PMC5973567DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197736Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study investigates the potential inflammatory responses and impacts on joint components caused by intra-articular medicinal ozone treatments in healthy horse joints, through analyzing various inflammatory, anti-inflammatory, and oxidative biomarkers and extracellular matrix degradation products in synovial fluid.

The first portion of your explanation is an objective one or two-sentence plain language overview of the research article.

Methodology

  • The experiment aimed to understand whether medicinal ozone, injected directly into the joint, led to temporary inflammatory reactions that impacted the joint components. This was analyzed by studying various biomarkers and the decay products of the joint’s extracellular matrix.
  • The research was carried out on healthy horse joints, at two ozone concentrations (20 and 40 micrograms/ml) denoted as groups A and B, with oxygen-injected joints as controls (group C). Each group received ten treatments.

Findings

  • All joints exhibited mild and temporary effusion (build-up of excess fluid) throughout the study.
  • Group B, subjected to the higher ozone concentration, showed the highest lameness score on day 14. This was likely due to the higher concentration.
  • All study groups showed increased ultrasound scores on day 14 – an indication of inflammation or injury in the joints.
  • Group A and B joints showed increased protein concentrations on day 21. This could indicate an inflammatory response.

Impact on Extracellular Matrix and Micromolecular Concentrations

  • No change was observed in hyaluronic acid concentrations or the percentage of high-molecular weight hyaluronic acid throughout the study. This type of acid is a crucial component of the extracellular matrix within joint cavities.
  • Chondroitin sulfate concentrations decreased in the group subjected to the higher ozone concentration (Group B) but remained unchanged for both the lower concentration ozone group and the oxygen control group. This indicates that neither treatment triggered the breakdown of the extracellular matrix, a crucial component of joints.
  • The study didn’t find any significant changes in cytokine and eicosanoid concentrations, indicating that the ozone therapy did not cause a significant inflammation process.
  • As there was no significant inflammation process or cartilage degradation, the study concluded that ozone therapy is safe at both evaluated doses.

Cite This Article

APA
Vendruscolo CDP, Moreira JJ, Seidel SRT, Fülber J, Neuenschwander HM, Bonagura G, Agreste FR, Baccarin RYA. (2018). Effects of medical ozone upon healthy equine joints: Clinical and laboratorial aspects. PLoS One, 13(5), e0197736. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0197736

Publication

PloS one
ISSN: 1932-6203
NlmUniqueID: 101285081
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 13
Issue: 5
Pages: e0197736
PII: e0197736

Researcher Affiliations

Vendruscolo, Cynthia do Prado
  • Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animals Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Moreira, Juliana Junqueira
  • Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animals Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Seidel, Sarah Raphaela Torquato
  • Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animals Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Fülber, Joice
  • Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animals Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Neuenschwander, Henrique Macedo
  • Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animals Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Bonagura, Giancarlo
  • Department of Large Animals Clinics, Anhembi Morumbi University, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Agreste, Fernanda Rodrigues
  • Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animals Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Baccarin, Raquel Yvonne Arantes
  • Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animals Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Chondroitin Sulfates / metabolism
  • Cytokines / metabolism
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Eicosanoids / metabolism
  • Horse Diseases / chemically induced
  • Horse Diseases / diagnostic imaging
  • Horse Diseases / metabolism
  • Horses
  • Hyaluronic Acid / metabolism
  • Joints / drug effects
  • Joints / metabolism
  • Lameness, Animal / chemically induced
  • Lameness, Animal / diagnostic imaging
  • Lameness, Animal / metabolism
  • Ozone / administration & dosage
  • Ozone / pharmacology
  • Random Allocation
  • Synovial Fluid / drug effects
  • Synovial Fluid / metabolism
  • Ultrasonography / veterinary

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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Citations

This article has been cited 5 times.
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